Xiaolin Yang1, Kaisa Kaseva2, Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen2, Laura Pulkki-Råback3,4, Mirja Hirvensalo5, Markus Jokela6, Mirka Hintsanen6, Taina Hintsa6, Anna Kankaanpää6, Risto Telama6,5, Nina Hutri-Kähönen7, Jorma S A Viikari8,9, Olli T Raitakari10,11, Tuija Tammelin6. 1. LIKES Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health, Rautpohjankatu 8, 40700, Jyväskylä, Finland. xiaolin.yang@likes.fi. 2. Unit of Personality, Work and Health Psychology, Institute of Behavioral Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. 3. Institute of Behavioral Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. 4. Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland. 5. Department of Sport Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland. 6. LIKES Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health, Rautpohjankatu 8, 40700, Jyväskylä, Finland. 7. Department of Pediatrics, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland. 8. Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. 9. Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. 10. Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. 11. Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Abstract
PURPOSE: We examined associations between childhood temperamental activity, physical activity (PA), and television (TV) viewing over a 30-year period. METHOD: The participants (1220 boys and 1237 girls) were aged 3, 6, 9, and 12 years in 1980 and were followed until 2011. Temperamental activity was evaluated by participants' mothers at baseline. The PA was assessed based on maternal ratings of the child from ages 3 to 6 and via self-report age from the age of 9 across all measurements. TV viewing was assessed using self-reports taken from 2001 to 2011. The associations between temperamental activity and the level and change of PA and TV viewing were determined using linear growth modeling stratified by gender and age group. RESULTS: High temperamental activity assessed from ages 9 to 12 was associated with high levels of childhood PA in both genders, but with a steeper decline in PA levels during the first 9 years of follow-up in boys. High temperamental activity assessed from ages 3 to 6 was associated with the decline of PA from childhood to youth in girls. High childhood temperamental activity was associated with decreased levels of PA in adulthood in men, but not in women. The associations between childhood temperamental activity and TV viewing during adulthood seemed to be positive but not consistently significant in all age and gender groups. CONCLUSION: High temperamental activity may contribute to the development of a physically inactive lifestyle. More evidence is needed with regard to gender differences among participants in similar study settings.
PURPOSE: We examined associations between childhood temperamental activity, physical activity (PA), and television (TV) viewing over a 30-year period. METHOD: The participants (1220 boys and 1237 girls) were aged 3, 6, 9, and 12 years in 1980 and were followed until 2011. Temperamental activity was evaluated by participants' mothers at baseline. The PA was assessed based on maternal ratings of the child from ages 3 to 6 and via self-report age from the age of 9 across all measurements. TV viewing was assessed using self-reports taken from 2001 to 2011. The associations between temperamental activity and the level and change of PA and TV viewing were determined using linear growth modeling stratified by gender and age group. RESULTS: High temperamental activity assessed from ages 9 to 12 was associated with high levels of childhood PA in both genders, but with a steeper decline in PA levels during the first 9 years of follow-up in boys. High temperamental activity assessed from ages 3 to 6 was associated with the decline of PA from childhood to youth in girls. High childhood temperamental activity was associated with decreased levels of PA in adulthood in men, but not in women. The associations between childhood temperamental activity and TV viewing during adulthood seemed to be positive but not consistently significant in all age and gender groups. CONCLUSION: High temperamental activity may contribute to the development of a physically inactive lifestyle. More evidence is needed with regard to gender differences among participants in similar study settings.
Authors: Olli T Raitakari; Markus Juonala; Tapani Rönnemaa; Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen; Leena Räsänen; Matti Pietikäinen; Nina Hutri-Kähönen; Leena Taittonen; Eero Jokinen; Jukka Marniemi; Antti Jula; Risto Telama; Mika Kähönen; Terho Lehtimäki; Hans K Akerblom; Jorma S A Viikari Journal: Int J Epidemiol Date: 2008-02-08 Impact factor: 7.196
Authors: Laura Pulkki-Råback; Marko Elovainio; Mika Kivimäki; Olli T Raitakari; Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen Journal: Health Psychol Date: 2005-05 Impact factor: 4.267
Authors: Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen; Laura Pulkki-Råback; Sampsa Puttonen; Jorma Viikari; Olli T Raitakari Journal: Psychosom Med Date: 2006 Jul-Aug Impact factor: 4.312
Authors: Harri Helajärvi; Tom Rosenström; Katja Pahkala; Mika Kähönen; Terho Lehtimäki; Olli J Heinonen; Mervi Oikonen; Tuija Tammelin; Jorma S A Viikari; Olli T Raitakari Journal: PLoS One Date: 2014-07-16 Impact factor: 3.240