B Gwen Windham1, Michael E Griswold2, Wanmei Wang2, Anna Kucharska-Newton3, Ellen W Demerath4, Kelley Pettee Gabriel5, Lisa A Pompeii6, Kenneth Butler1, Lynne Wagenknecht7, Stephen Kritchevsky8, Thomas H Mosley1. 1. Department of Medicine/Geriatrics. 2. Department of Data Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson. 3. Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 4. Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis. 5. University of Texas School of Public Health in Austin, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences. 6. University of Texas School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences. 7. Center on Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism; Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina. 8. Sticht Center on Aging; Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Prior studies suggest being overweight may be protective against poor functional outcomes in older adults. METHODS: Body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) was measured over 25 years across five visits (1987-2011) among Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study participants (baseline Visit 1 n = 15,720, aged 45-64 years). Gait speed was measured at Visit 5 ("late-life", aged ≥65 years, n = 6,229). BMI trajectories were examined using clinical cutpoints and continuous mixed models to estimate effects of patterns of BMI change on gait speed, adjusting for demographics and comorbidities. RESULTS: Mid-life BMI (baseline visit; 55% women; 27% black) was associated with late-life gait speed 25 years later; gait speeds were 94.3, 89.6, and 82.1 cm/s for participants with baseline normal BMI (<25), overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30), and obese (BMI ≥ 30) (p < .001). In longitudinal analyses, late-life gait speeds were 96.9, 88.8, and 81.3 cm/s for participants who maintained normal, overweight, and obese weight status, respectively, across 25 years (p < .01). Increasing BMI over 25 years was associated with poorer late-life gait speeds; a 1%/year BMI increase for a participant with a baseline BMI of 22.5 (final BMI 28.5) was associated with a 4.6-cm/s (95% confidence interval: -7.0, -1.8) slower late-life gait speed than a participant who maintained a baseline BMI of 22.5. CONCLUSION: Being overweight in older age was not protective of mobility function. Maintaining a normal BMI in mid- and late-life may help preserve late-life mobility.
BACKGROUND: Prior studies suggest being overweight may be protective against poor functional outcomes in older adults. METHODS: Body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) was measured over 25 years across five visits (1987-2011) among Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study participants (baseline Visit 1 n = 15,720, aged 45-64 years). Gait speed was measured at Visit 5 ("late-life", aged ≥65 years, n = 6,229). BMI trajectories were examined using clinical cutpoints and continuous mixed models to estimate effects of patterns of BMI change on gait speed, adjusting for demographics and comorbidities. RESULTS: Mid-life BMI (baseline visit; 55% women; 27% black) was associated with late-life gait speed 25 years later; gait speeds were 94.3, 89.6, and 82.1 cm/s for participants with baseline normal BMI (<25), overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30), and obese (BMI ≥ 30) (p < .001). In longitudinal analyses, late-life gait speeds were 96.9, 88.8, and 81.3 cm/s for participants who maintained normal, overweight, and obese weight status, respectively, across 25 years (p < .01). Increasing BMI over 25 years was associated with poorer late-life gait speeds; a 1%/year BMI increase for a participant with a baseline BMI of 22.5 (final BMI 28.5) was associated with a 4.6-cm/s (95% confidence interval: -7.0, -1.8) slower late-life gait speed than a participant who maintained a baseline BMI of 22.5. CONCLUSION: Being overweight in older age was not protective of mobility function. Maintaining a normal BMI in mid- and late-life may help preserve late-life mobility.
Authors: Christine S Ritchie; Julie L Locher; David L Roth; Theresa McVie; Patricia Sawyer; Richard Allman Journal: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci Date: 2008-01 Impact factor: 6.053
Authors: Kristen M Beavers; Fang-Chi Hsu; Denise K Houston; Daniel P Beavers; Tamara B Harris; Trisha F Hue; Lauren J Kim; Annemarie Koster; Brenda W Penninx; Eleanor M Simonsick; Elsa S Strotmeyer; Stephen B Kritchevsky; Barbara J Nicklas Journal: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci Date: 2012-10-29 Impact factor: 6.053
Authors: John A Batsis; Curtis L Petersen; Rebecca S Crow; Summer B Cook; Courtney J Stevens; Lillian M Seo; Emma Brooks; Todd A Mackenzie Journal: Clin Nutr Date: 2019-11-04 Impact factor: 7.324
Authors: Bradley M Appelhans; Brittney S Lange-Maia; Kelley Pettee Gabriel; Carrie Karvonen-Gutierrez; Kelly Karavolos; Sheila A Dugan; Gail A Greendale; Elizabeth F Avery; Barbara Sternfeld; Imke Janssen; Howard M Kravitz Journal: Aging Clin Exp Res Date: 2019-10-04 Impact factor: 3.636
Authors: Kevin J Sullivan; Radhikesh Ranadive; Dan Su; Blake R Neyland; Timothy M Hughes; Christina E Hugenschmidt; Samuel N Lockhart; Dean F Wong; Clifford R Jack; Rebecca F Gottesman; Thomas H Mosley; Michael E Griswold; B Gwen Windham Journal: Brain Imaging Behav Date: 2021-01-13 Impact factor: 3.224
Authors: Laura M Raffield; Annie Green Howard; Misa Graff; Dan-Yu Lin; Susan Cheng; Ellen Demerath; Chiadi Ndumele; Priya Palta; Casey M Rebholz; Sara Seidelmann; Bing Yu; Penny Gordon-Larsen; Kari E North; Christy L Avery Journal: J Am Heart Assoc Date: 2021-12-10 Impact factor: 6.106
Authors: Daniela Pinter; Stuart J Ritchie; Thomas Gattringer; Mark E Bastin; Maria Del C Valdés Hernández; Janie Corley; Susana Muñoz Maniega; Alison Pattie; David A Dickie; Alan J Gow; John M Starr; Ian J Deary; Christian Enzinger; Franz Fazekas; Joanna Wardlaw Journal: Aging (Albany NY) Date: 2018-01-20 Impact factor: 5.682
Authors: A Kuspinar; C P Verschoor; M K Beauchamp; J Dushoff; J Ma; E Amster; C Bassim; V Dal Bello-Haas; M A Gregory; J E Harris; L Letts; S E Neil-Sztramko; J Richardson; R Valaitis; B Vrkljan Journal: BMC Geriatr Date: 2020-01-31 Impact factor: 3.921