Xiaoran Liu1, Penny M Kris-Etherton2, Sheila G West1,3, Benoît Lamarche4, David J A Jenkins5, Jennifer A Fleming1, Cindy E McCrea3, Shuaihua Pu6, Patrick Couture4, Philip W Connelly7, Peter J H Jones6. 1. Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA. 2. Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA. pmk3@psu.edu. 3. Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA. 4. Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. 5. Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 6. Richardson Center for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. 7. Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of diets low in saturated fatty acids and high in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) or polyunsaturated fatty acids on body composition in participants at risk for metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS: This study was a randomized, crossover, controlled feeding study. Participants (n = 101, ages 49.5 ± 1.2, BMI 29.4 ± 0.4 kg/m2 ) were randomized to five isocaloric diets containing treatment oils: Canola, CanolaOleic, CanolaDHA, Corn/Safflower, and Flax/Safflower. Each diet period was 4 weeks followed by a 2- to 4-week washout period. RESULTS: Canola (3.1 kg, P = 0.026) and CanolaOleic oil diets (3.09 kg, P = 0.03) reduced android fat mass compared with the Flax/Saff oil diet (3.2 kg), particularly in men. The decrease in abdominal fat mass was correlated with the reduction in blood pressure after the Canola (systolic blood pressure: r = 0.26, P = 0.062; diastolic blood pressure: r = 0.38, P = 0.0049) and CanolaOleic oil diets (systolic blood pressure: r = 0.39 P = 0.004; diastolic blood pressure: r = 0.45, P = 0.0006). The decrease in abdominal fat mass also was associated with a reduction in triglyceride levels after the CanolaOleic oil diet (r = 0.42, P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS:Diets high in MUFA (compared with PUFA) reduced central obesity with an accompanying improvement in MetS risk factors. Diets high in MUFA may be beneficial for treating and perhaps preventing MetS.
RCT Entities:
n class="abstract_title">OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of diets low in saturated fatty acids and high in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) or polyunsaturated fatty acids on body composition in participants at risk for metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS: This study was a randomized, crossover, controlled feeding study. Participants (n = 101, ages 49.5 ± 1.2, BMI 29.4 ± 0.4 kg/m2 ) were randomized to five isocaloric diets containing treatment oils: Canola, CanolaOleic, CanolaDHA, Corn/Safflower, and Flax/Safflower. Each diet period was 4 weeks followed by a 2- to 4-week washout period. RESULTS:Canola (3.1 kg, P = 0.026) and CanolaOleic oil diets (3.09 kg, P = 0.03) reduced android fat mass compared with the Flax/Saff oil diet (3.2 kg), particularly in men. The decrease in abdominal fat mass was correlated with the reduction in blood pressure after the Canola (systolic blood pressure: r = 0.26, P = 0.062; diastolic blood pressure: r = 0.38, P = 0.0049) and CanolaOleic oil diets (systolic blood pressure: r = 0.39 P = 0.004; diastolic blood pressure: r = 0.45, P = 0.0006). The decrease in abdominal fat mass also was associated with a reduction in triglyceride levels after the CanolaOleic oil diet (r = 0.42, P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Diets high in MUFA (compared with PUFA) reduced central obesity with an accompanying improvement in MetS risk factors. Diets high in MUFA may be beneficial for treating and perhaps preventing MetS.
Authors: David J A Jenkins; Cyril W C Kendall; Vladimir Vuksan; Dorothea Faulkner; Livia S A Augustin; Sandra Mitchell; Christopher Ireland; Korbua Srichaikul; Arash Mirrahimi; Laura Chiavaroli; Sonia Blanco Mejia; Stephanie Nishi; Sandhya Sahye-Pudaruth; Darshna Patel; Balachandran Bashyam; Edward Vidgen; Russell J de Souza; John L Sievenpiper; Judy Coveney; Robert G Josse; Lawrence A Leiter Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2014-06-14 Impact factor: 19.112
Authors: J A Paniagua; A Gallego de la Sacristana; I Romero; A Vidal-Puig; J M Latre; E Sanchez; P Perez-Martinez; J Lopez-Miranda; F Perez-Jimenez Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2007-03-23 Impact factor: 19.112
Authors: C Lawrence Kien; Janice Y Bunn; Naomi K Fukagawa; Vikas Anathy; Dwight E Matthews; Karen I Crain; David B Ebenstein; Emily K Tarleton; Richard E Pratley; Matthew E Poynter Journal: J Nutr Biochem Date: 2015-08-01 Impact factor: 6.048
Authors: C Lawrence Kien; Janice Y Bunn; Robert Stevens; James Bain; Olga Ikayeva; Karen Crain; Timothy R Koves; Deborah M Muoio Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2014-01-15 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Matthew A Sabin; Elizabeth C Crowne; Claire E Stewart; Linda P Hunt; Stephen J Turner; Gavin I Welsh; Malcolm J Grohmann; Jeff M Holly; Julian P Shield Journal: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Date: 2007-07-16 Impact factor: 3.575
Authors: Peter J H Jones; Vijitha K Senanayake; Shuaihua Pu; David J A Jenkins; Philip W Connelly; Benoît Lamarche; Patrick Couture; Amélie Charest; Lisa Baril-Gravel; Sheila G West; Xiaoran Liu; Jennifer A Fleming; Cindy E McCrea; Penny M Kris-Etherton Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2014-05-14 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Geng Zong; Yanping Li; Laura Sampson; Lauren W Dougherty; Walter C Willett; Anne J Wanders; Marjan Alssema; Peter L Zock; Frank B Hu; Qi Sun Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2018-03-01 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Marta Guasch-Ferré; Geng Zong; Walter C Willett; Peter L Zock; Anne J Wanders; Frank B Hu; Qi Sun Journal: Circ Res Date: 2019-04-12 Impact factor: 17.367