Sara Garcia-Ptacek1,2, Ingemar Kåreholt3,4, Pavla Cermakova5,6, Debora Rizzuto3, Dorota Religa2,5,7, Maria Eriksdotter1,2. 1. Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. 2. Department of Geriatric Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. 3. Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. 4. Institute of Gerontology, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden. 5. Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. 6. International Clinical Research Center and St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic. 7. Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The causes of death in dementia are not established, particularly in rarer dementias. The aim of this study is to calculate risk of death from specific causes for a broader spectrum of dementia diagnoses. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: Swedish Dementia Registry (SveDem), 2007-2012. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals with incident dementia registered in SveDem (N = 28,609); median follow-up 741 days. Observed deaths were 5,368 (19%). MEASUREMENTS: Information on number of deaths and causes of mortality was obtained from death certificates. Odds ratios for the presence of dementia on death certificates were calculated. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Cox hazards regression for cause-specific mortality, using Alzheimer's dementia (AD) as reference. Hazard ratios for death for each specific cause of death were compared with hazard ratios of death from all causes (P-values from t-tests). RESULTS: The most frequent underlying cause of death in this cohort was cardiovascular (37%), followed by dementia (30%). Dementia and cardiovascular causes appeared as main or contributory causes on 63% of certificates, followed by respiratory (26%). Dementia was mentioned less in vascular dementia (VaD; 57%). Compared to AD, cardiovascular mortality was higher in individuals with VaD than in those with AD (HR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.64-2.02). Respiratory death was higher in individuals with Lewy body dementia (LBD, including Parkinson's disease dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies, HR = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.71-2.71), and the risk of respiratory death was higher than expected from the risk for all-cause mortality. Participants with frontotemporal dementia were more likely to die from external causes of death than those with AD (HR = 2.86, 95% CI = 1.53-5.32). CONCLUSION: Dementia is underreported on death certificates as main and contributory causes. Individuals with LBD had a higher risk of respiratory death than those with AD.
OBJECTIVES: The causes of death in dementia are not established, particularly in rarer dementias. The aim of this study is to calculate risk of death from specific causes for a broader spectrum of dementia diagnoses. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: Swedish Dementia Registry (SveDem), 2007-2012. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals with incident dementia registered in SveDem (N = 28,609); median follow-up 741 days. Observed deaths were 5,368 (19%). MEASUREMENTS: Information on number of deaths and causes of mortality was obtained from death certificates. Odds ratios for the presence of dementia on death certificates were calculated. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Cox hazards regression for cause-specific mortality, using Alzheimer's dementia (AD) as reference. Hazard ratios for death for each specific cause of death were compared with hazard ratios of death from all causes (P-values from t-tests). RESULTS: The most frequent underlying cause of death in this cohort was cardiovascular (37%), followed by dementia (30%). Dementia and cardiovascular causes appeared as main or contributory causes on 63% of certificates, followed by respiratory (26%). Dementia was mentioned less in vascular dementia (VaD; 57%). Compared to AD, cardiovascular mortality was higher in individuals with VaD than in those with AD (HR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.64-2.02). Respiratory death was higher in individuals with Lewy body dementia (LBD, including Parkinson's disease dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies, HR = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.71-2.71), and the risk of respiratory death was higher than expected from the risk for all-cause mortality. Participants with frontotemporal dementia were more likely to die from external causes of death than those with AD (HR = 2.86, 95% CI = 1.53-5.32). CONCLUSION:Dementia is underreported on death certificates as main and contributory causes. Individuals with LBD had a higher risk of respiratory death than those with AD.
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Authors: Ana Subic; Pavla Cermakova; Dorota Religa; Shuang Han; Mia von Euler; Ingemar Kåreholt; Kristina Johnell; Johan Fastbom; Liselia Bognandi; Bengt Winblad; Milica G Kramberger; Maria Eriksdotter; Sara Garcia-Ptacek Journal: J Alzheimers Dis Date: 2018 Impact factor: 4.472
Authors: Melissa J Armstrong; Slande Alliance; Pamela Corsentino; Susan M Maixner; Henry L Paulson; Angela Taylor Journal: Am J Hosp Palliat Care Date: 2020-01-06 Impact factor: 2.500
Authors: Eva Zupanic; Mia von Euler; Ingemar Kåreholt; Beatriz Contreras Escamez; Johan Fastbom; Bo Norrving; Dorota Religa; Milica G Kramberger; Bengt Winblad; Kristina Johnell; Maria Eriksdotter; Sara Garcia-Ptacek Journal: Neurology Date: 2017-10-06 Impact factor: 9.910