| Literature DB >> 27789796 |
Eimear M Dunne1, Hamish Gordon2, Andreas Kürten3, João Almeida4,3, Jonathan Duplissy5, Christina Williamson3, Ismael K Ortega6, Kirsty J Pringle1, Alexey Adamov7, Urs Baltensperger8, Peter Barmet8, Francois Benduhn9, Federico Bianchi7,8, Martin Breitenlechner10, Antony Clarke11, Joachim Curtius3, Josef Dommen8, Neil M Donahue12,7, Sebastian Ehrhart4,3, Richard C Flagan13, Alessandro Franchin7, Roberto Guida4, Jani Hakala7, Armin Hansel10,14, Martin Heinritzi3, Tuija Jokinen7, Juha Kangasluoma7, Jasper Kirkby4,3, Markku Kulmala7, Agnieszka Kupc15, Michael J Lawler16, Katrianne Lehtipalo7,8, Vladimir Makhmutov17, Graham Mann1, Serge Mathot4, Joonas Merikanto7, Pasi Miettinen16, Athanasios Nenes18,19,20, Antti Onnela4, Alexandru Rap1, Carly L S Reddington1, Francesco Riccobono8, Nigel A D Richards1, Matti P Rissanen7, Linda Rondo3, Nina Sarnela7, Siegfried Schobesberger7, Kamalika Sengupta1, Mario Simon3, Mikko Sipilä7, James N Smith16, Yuri Stozkhov17, Antonio Tomé21, Jasmin Tröstl8, Paul E Wagner15, Daniela Wimmer3,7, Paul M Winkler15, Douglas R Worsnop7,22, Kenneth S Carslaw23.
Abstract
Fundamental questions remain about the origin of newly formed atmospheric aerosol particles because data from laboratory measurements have been insufficient to build global models. In contrast, gas-phase chemistry models have been based on laboratory kinetics measurements for decades. We built a global model of aerosol formation by using extensive laboratory measurements of rates of nucleation involving sulfuric acid, ammonia, ions, and organic compounds conducted in the CERN CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving Outdoor Droplets) chamber. The simulations and a comparison with atmospheric observations show that nearly all nucleation throughout the present-day atmosphere involves ammonia or biogenic organic compounds, in addition to sulfuric acid. A considerable fraction of nucleation involves ions, but the relatively weak dependence on ion concentrations indicates that for the processes studied, variations in cosmic ray intensity do not appreciably affect climate through nucleation in the present-day atmosphere.Entities:
Year: 2016 PMID： 27789796 DOI： 10.1126/science.aaf2649
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Science ISSN： 0036-8075 Impact factor: 47.728