Respiratory burst oscillations in human neutrophils and their correlation with fluctuations in apparent cell shape.

Neutrophils pretreated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (1-10 nM) and stimulated with low concentrations of chemotactic agonists (1-10nM) exhibited a marked increase in respiratory burst activity that was characterized by regular oscillations. These were accompanied by parallel oscillations in turbidity having the same phase and period. Four different agonists, f-Met-Leu-Phe, complement fragment C5a, platelet-activating factor, and leukotriene B4, induced virtually identical oscillations, with mean periods of 7.9 +/- 0.6 s (respiratory burst) and 7.9 +/- 0.8 s (turbidity) at 37 degrees C. No burst oscillations were observed at high agonist concentrations (50-100 nM) unless the fungal metabolite 17-hydroxywortmannin was added prior to stimulation. In the absence of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, the respiratory burst activity was inhibited by 17-hydroxywortmannin, the protein kinase C inhibitor staurosporine, and calcium depletion, while agonist-dependent turbidity changes including the oscillations were unaffected. Turbidity changes reflect corresponding changes in cell size and/or shape, suggesting that cyclic alterations in morphology such as lamellipod extension and retraction physically affect the catalytic efficiency of the membrane-bound burst enzyme NADPH-oxidase. The oscillations appear to be controlled via receptor-dependent activation mechanisms which do not involve PKC activation or the rise in internal calcium presumably derived from phospholipase C activation.