Paola Catastini1, Serena Di Marco2, Maria Furriolo3, Carmela Genovese4, Alessia Grande5, Eugenia Iacinti6, Danila Rosa Iusco7, Rita Maria Vittoria Nobili8, Rita Pescini9, Roberto Ragni10, Roberto Randazzo11, Cristiana Risso12, Paola Tabarini13, Cesare Braggion1, Salvatore De Masi14, Kathleen S McGreevy15. 1. Cystic Fibrosis Center, Anna Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy. 2. Cystic Fibrosis Regional Center, Ospedale "Di Cristina" Arnas Civico, Palermo, Italy. 3. Cystic Fibrosis Regional Center, Presidio Ospedaliero Giovanni Paolo II, Lamezia Terme (CZ), Italy. 4. Cystic Fibrosis Regional Center, A.O.R. Ospedale San Carlo, Potenza, Italy. 5. Cystic Fibrosis Adult Center, A.O.U. San Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano (TO), Italy. 6. Cystic Fibrosis Regional Center, A.O.U. Parma, Parma, Italy. 7. Cystic Fibrosis Regional Center, A.O.U Policlinico Bari, Bari, Italy. 8. Cystic Fibrosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS C'a Grande Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy. 9. Cystic Fibrosis Regional Center, Ospedale G.Gaslini, Genova, Italy. 10. Cystic Fibrosis Regional Center, A.O.U. Ancona, Italy. 11. Cystic Fibrosis Support Center, Spedali Civili Brescia, Italy. 12. Cystic Fibrosis Child Center, Torino, Italy. 13. Unit of Clinical Psychologist Unit of Cystic Fibrosis Center, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, Roma, Italy. 14. Clinical Trial Office, Anna Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy. 15. Research, Innovation and International Relations, Anna Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cystic fibrosis, like other chronic diseases, is a risk factor for the development of elevated symptoms of depression and anxiety. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression in Italian patients with CF and their parents. METHODS: The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) questionnaires were administered to a sample of patients and their parents recruited at the cystic fibrosis centers in Italy. RESULTS: Elevated levels of anxiety were higher in mothers than in fathers, and also higher in female patients than in male patients. A correlation between elevated levels of anxiety/depression and geographical area also emerged. Patient anxiety (OR 2.33) and depression (OR 4.09) were significantly associated with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) <40% and forced vital capacity (FVC) <80% (OR 1.60 and 1.61, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Cystic fibrosis increases the risk of developing anxiety and depression in female patients and in mothers. Geographical differences were observed, with higher anxiety and depression in southern Italy for parents, but not for patients. Anxiety and depression levels also depend on clinical status. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2016;51:1311-1319.
BACKGROUND:Cystic fibrosis, like other chronic diseases, is a risk factor for the development of elevated symptoms of depression and anxiety. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression in Italian patients with CF and their parents. METHODS: The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) questionnaires were administered to a sample of patients and their parents recruited at the cystic fibrosis centers in Italy. RESULTS: Elevated levels of anxiety were higher in mothers than in fathers, and also higher in female patients than in male patients. A correlation between elevated levels of anxiety/depression and geographical area also emerged. Patientanxiety (OR 2.33) and depression (OR 4.09) were significantly associated with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) <40% and forced vital capacity (FVC) <80% (OR 1.60 and 1.61, respectively). CONCLUSIONS:Cystic fibrosis increases the risk of developing anxiety and depression in female patients and in mothers. Geographical differences were observed, with higher anxiety and depression in southern Italy for parents, but not for patients. Anxiety and depression levels also depend on clinical status. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2016;51:1311-1319.