Literature DB >> 27746949

Synthesis and crystal structure of bis(1-{[(quinolin-8-yl)imino]methyl}pyrene-κ2N,N')silver(I) tri-fluoro-methane-sulfonate.

Miguel Pinto1, Indranil Chakraborty1, Pradip Mascharak1.   

Abstract

The title compound, [Ag(qPyr)2]CF3SO3 where qPyr = 1-(quinoline-2-yl-methyl-ene)amino-pyrene, C26H16N2, was synthesized from a reaction of silver tri-fluoro-methane-sulfonate and qPyr in di-chloro-methane-methanol mixed media. In this design, the qPyr ligand was chosen for its characteristic excitation and emission profiles, which could enable the tracking of the silver complex within biological targets. The AgI atom resides in a distorted tetra-hedral N4 coordination sphere. Analysis of the packing pattern revealed significant intra- and inter-molecular π-π stacking inter-actions between the [Ag(qPyr)2]+ cations. In addition, a weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bond consolidates the packing between cations and anions.

Entities:  

Keywords:  anti­microbial; crystal structure; pyrene; silver complex; π-stacking

Year:  2016        PMID: 27746949      PMCID: PMC5050784          DOI: 10.1107/S205698901601519X

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun


Chemical context

Silver metal and its salts have been used for their well known anti­microbial properties since ancient times (Chernousova & Epple, 2013 ▸). In recent years, the use of silver has regained inter­est due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) (Kresse et al., 2007 ▸; Liu et al., 2010 ▸; Thornton et al., 2016 ▸). Silver is primarily used topically to treat chronic infections in burn wounds (deBoer et al., 2015 ▸). The metal exerts its microbial toxicity by slowly releasing AgI ions that inflict damage on cell walls, produce reactive oxygen species and bind to DNA base pairs as well as proteins, impeding normal cellular functions (Liu et al., 2010 ▸; Thornton et al., 2016 ▸). As silver ions tend to precipitate as AgCl in the presence of blood plasma chloride (Chernousova & Epple, 2013 ▸), there is a need for stable silver complexes that can slowly and sustainably release silver ions into biological matrices. Herein we report the synthesis and characterization of a novel silver complex, [Ag(qPyr)2]CF3SO3 [where qPyr = 1-(quinoline-2-yl­methyl­ene)amino­pyrene] which could serve as a stable complex for the delivery of silver. In the design of this compound, qPyr was included due to its characteristic absorption and emission profile, which could allow tracking of the ligand and silver within the cell membrane of the bacteria (Ray et al., 2006 ▸).

Structural commentary

The mol­ecular structure of the cation in the title complex is shown in Fig. 1 ▸. The coordination environment of the AgI atom in the cationic complex is distorted tetra­hedral (Table 1 ▸). The qPyr ligand binds to the metal in a bidentate fashion. In this complex, the chelate rings composed of atoms Ag1, N2, C8, C9, N1 and Ag1, N4, C34, C35, N3 are reasonably planar, with mean deviations of 0.054 (3) and 0.059 (3) Å, respectively. The dihedral angle between these two chelate planes is 69.0 (4)°. The two quinoline fragments within the qPyr ligand in the title complex are satisfactorily planar, with mean deviations of 0.031 (4) and 0.035 (4) Å. The dihedral angles between the quinoline moieties and the pyrene rings are quite similar [73.5 (4) and 73.8 (3)°].
Figure 1

The mol­ecular structure of the cation in the title salt. Displacement ellipsoids correspond to the 50% probability level; the counter-anion is not shown.

Table 1

Selected geometric parameters (Å, °)

Ag1—N32.249 (4)Ag1—N42.411 (4)
Ag1—N12.228 (4)Ag1—N22.399 (4)
    
N3—Ag1—N472.24 (15)N1—Ag1—N4119.33 (15)
N3—Ag1—N2120.45 (15)N1—Ag1—N273.09 (15)
N1—Ag1—N3151.52 (16)N2—Ag1—N4131.88 (14)

Supra­molecular features

The packing pattern exhibits the presence of both intra- and inter­molecular offset π–π stacking inter­actions (Figs. 2 ▸ and 3 ▸). The extent of the inter­molecular π–π inter­action is found to be relatively stronger [3.543 (5) Å] compared to the intra­molecular π–π stacking inter­actions [3.642 (5) and 3.617 (5) Å]. In both cases, the angle between the ring normal and the vector between the ring centroids is close to 20° and centroid-to-centroid distances are within the upper limit of 3.8 Å (Janiak, 2000 ▸). The crystal packing of the complex reveals also a non-classical hydrogen-bonding inter­action (Steiner, 1996 ▸) of the type C—H⋯O between the cation and the triflate anion (Table 2 ▸, Fig. 4 ▸). The arrangement of the two types of mol­ecules along the c axis is shown in Fig. 5 ▸.
Figure 2

Representation of intra­molecular π–π stacking within the title complex.

Figure 3

Representation of inter­molecular π–π stacking within the title complex.

Table 2

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °)

D—H⋯A D—HH⋯A DA D—H⋯A
C3—H3⋯O3i 0.932.443.359 (10)140

Symmetry code: (i) .

Figure 4

Packing pattern of the title salt showing the C—H⋯O inter­action between cation and anion.

Figure 5

Packing diagram of the title salt along the c axis.

Database survey

A search of Cambridge Structural Database (Groom et al., 2016 ▸) revealed that mol­ecular systems where AgI resides in a distorted tetra­hedral coordination environment are primarily of a supra­molecular nature. In a relatively recent report, two discrete Ag complexes, namely [Ag(HL 1)2](PF6) and [Ag(HL 1)2](NO3)(H2O) (where HL 1 = (n-Py)—CH=N—C10H6COOH) are reported (Lee & Lee, 2013 ▸) which are structurally similar to the title complex. Both these mol­ecules adopt triclinic symmetry in space group P . The average Ag—N distances for these complexes are slightly longer (2.349 and 2.346 Å) than that of the title complex (2.322 Å). Unlike the present complex, these two Ag complexes are characterized by significant intra­molecular O—H⋯F and O—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter­actions with the PF6 − and NO3 − counter-ions. In another report, three Ag complexes, namely [Ag(1)2](NO3), [Ag(1)2](PF6) and [Ag(1)2](OTf) [where 1 = (R)-2-(pyridin-2-yl­methyl­imino)-2′-(di­methyl­amino)-1,1′-binapth­yl] are described with similar structural features (Zhang et al., 2011 ▸). In this study, [Ag(1)2](NO3) and [Ag(1)2](PF6) crystallize in space group P212121 while [Ag(1)2](OTf) crystallizes in P21. Here the Ag—N distances span the range 2.354–2.376 Å, noticeably longer than that of the title complex.

Synthesis and crystallization

Synthesis of the qPyr ligand A solution of 1-pyrenecarboxaldehyde (115 mg, 0.50 mmol) in 10 ml of di­chloro­methane was added drop wise to a solution of 8-amino­quinoline (72 mg, 0.50 mmol) in 10 ml of methanol. The mixture was heated to reflux for 16 h and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The precipitate thus formed was collected by vacuum filtration affording 162 mg (91% yield) of N-(1-pyrene)-1-quinolin-2-ylmethanimine (qPyr) as a light-brown powder. Synthesis of the title complex Two equivalents of qPyr (100 mg, 0.28 mmol) were dissolved in 20 ml of 1:1 methanol:di­chloro­methane along with one equivalent of silver tri­fluoro­methane­sulfonate (36 mg, 0.14 mmol). The reaction mixture was then stirred for 12 h. After this time, the solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting precipitate was collected through vacuum filtration affording a light-yellow powder. This powder was recrystallized from methanol to obtain [Ag(qPyr)2]CF3SO3 as a light yellow–brown powder (124 mg, 91%). Single crystals were obtained by vapor diffusion of ethyl ether into a solution of [Ag(qPyr)2]CF3SO3 in methanol.

Refinement

Crystal data, data collection and structure refinement details are summarized in Table 3 ▸. Hydrogen atoms were included in calculated positions on the C atoms to which they are bonded, with C—H = 0.93 Å and U iso(H) = 1.2U eq(C).
Table 3

Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formula[Ag(C26H16N2)2]CF3SO3
M r 969.75
Crystal system, space groupMonoclinic, P21/c
Temperature (K)273
a, b, c (Å)17.132 (1), 13.6108 (8), 18.9712 (11)
β (°)110.887 (1)
V3)4133.0 (4)
Z 4
Radiation typeMo Kα
μ (mm−1)0.61
Crystal size (mm)0.15 × 0.07 × 0.03
 
Data collection
DiffractometerBruker APEXII CCD
Absorption correctionMulti-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2012)
T min, T max 0.627, 0.745
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections35302, 7406, 4227
R int 0.084
(sin θ/λ)max−1)0.602
 
Refinement
R[F 2 > 2σ(F 2)], wR(F 2), S 0.058, 0.181, 1.03
No. of reflections7406
No. of parameters587
No. of restraints598
H-atom treatmentH-atom parameters constrained
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3)0.60, −0.54

Computer programs: APEX2 and SAINT (Bruker, 2012 ▸), SHELXT2014 (Sheldrick, 2015a ▸), SHELXL2014 (Sheldrick, 2015b ▸), XP in SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008 ▸), CrystalMaker (Palmer, 2014 ▸) and OLEX2 (Dolomanov et al., 2009 ▸).

Crystal structure: contains datablock(s) I. DOI: 10.1107/S205698901601519X/wm5314sup1.cif Structure factors: contains datablock(s) I. DOI: 10.1107/S205698901601519X/wm5314Isup2.hkl CCDC reference: 1506793 Additional supporting information: crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF report
[Ag(C26H16N2)2]CF3SO3F(000) = 1968
Mr = 969.75Dx = 1.558 Mg m3
Monoclinic, P21/cMo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
a = 17.132 (1) ÅCell parameters from 3637 reflections
b = 13.6108 (8) Åθ = 2.5–18.3°
c = 18.9712 (11) ŵ = 0.61 mm1
β = 110.887 (1)°T = 273 K
V = 4133.0 (4) Å3Block, yellow
Z = 40.15 × 0.07 × 0.03 mm
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer4227 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
ω scansRint = 0.084
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2012)θmax = 25.3°, θmin = 2.5°
Tmin = 0.627, Tmax = 0.745h = −20→20
35302 measured reflectionsk = −16→16
7406 independent reflectionsl = −22→22
Refinement on F2Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
Least-squares matrix: fullH-atom parameters constrained
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.058w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0931P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
wR(F2) = 0.181(Δ/σ)max = 0.001
S = 1.03Δρmax = 0.60 e Å3
7406 reflectionsΔρmin = −0.54 e Å3
587 parametersExtinction correction: SHELXL-2014/7 (Sheldrick 2014, Fc*=kFc[1+0.001xFc2λ3/sin(2θ)]-1/4
598 restraintsExtinction coefficient: 0.0017 (3)
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes.
xyzUiso*/Ueq
Ag10.16881 (3)0.57600 (3)0.42954 (2)0.0629 (2)
N30.2384 (3)0.6205 (3)0.5499 (2)0.0534 (11)
N10.0647 (3)0.5949 (3)0.3193 (2)0.0501 (10)
N40.1663 (3)0.4387 (3)0.5090 (2)0.0542 (11)
N20.2312 (3)0.5968 (3)0.3356 (2)0.0507 (10)
C240.3877 (3)0.5755 (4)0.4763 (3)0.0488 (12)
C250.4482 (3)0.5944 (4)0.5490 (3)0.0558 (13)
C510.0012 (3)0.3458 (3)0.2843 (3)0.0518 (12)
C40.0211 (4)0.5902 (3)0.1821 (3)0.0583 (14)
C90.0843 (3)0.5942 (3)0.2556 (3)0.0499 (12)
C500.0659 (3)0.3530 (3)0.3558 (3)0.0501 (12)
C230.3550 (3)0.4777 (4)0.4605 (3)0.0525 (13)
H230.31780.46270.41240.063*
C110.3654 (3)0.6531 (4)0.4234 (3)0.0523 (12)
C3−0.0622 (4)0.5898 (4)0.1778 (4)0.0682 (16)
H3−0.10500.58720.13090.082*
C350.2569 (3)0.5489 (4)0.6040 (3)0.0514 (12)
C520.0219 (3)0.3404 (3)0.2178 (3)0.0553 (13)
C2−0.0806 (4)0.5930 (4)0.2405 (4)0.0716 (17)
H2−0.13590.59410.23760.086*
C490.1512 (3)0.3484 (4)0.3605 (3)0.0545 (13)
H490.19380.34950.40760.065*
C270.2729 (3)0.7083 (4)0.5691 (3)0.0618 (15)
H270.25990.75720.53240.074*
C470.1073 (4)0.3406 (4)0.2239 (3)0.0594 (13)
C1−0.0154 (4)0.5946 (4)0.3103 (4)0.0623 (15)
H1−0.02930.59560.35340.075*
C210.4332 (3)0.4254 (4)0.5877 (3)0.0593 (14)
C80.1705 (3)0.5955 (3)0.2629 (3)0.0512 (12)
C260.4708 (3)0.5186 (4)0.6047 (3)0.0568 (13)
C220.3767 (3)0.4072 (4)0.5136 (3)0.0593 (14)
H220.35400.34470.50130.071*
C38−0.0409 (3)0.3561 (4)0.4127 (3)0.0665 (16)
H38−0.05530.35790.45550.080*
C370.0425 (3)0.3630 (4)0.4205 (3)0.0551 (13)
C480.1704 (3)0.3424 (4)0.2978 (3)0.0612 (14)
H480.22630.33930.30250.073*
C340.2188 (3)0.4562 (4)0.5850 (3)0.0568 (13)
C140.4859 (3)0.6873 (5)0.5674 (3)0.0659 (15)
C40−0.0837 (3)0.3446 (4)0.2778 (3)0.0592 (14)
C280.3280 (3)0.7312 (5)0.6420 (3)0.0701 (16)
H280.35040.79400.65330.084*
C100.2978 (3)0.6468 (4)0.3491 (3)0.0571 (14)
H100.30420.68170.30940.069*
C50.0460 (5)0.5865 (4)0.1188 (3)0.0726 (17)
H50.00570.58550.07060.087*
C120.4057 (4)0.7427 (4)0.4422 (4)0.0702 (16)
H120.39300.79230.40610.084*
C360.1001 (3)0.3865 (4)0.4959 (3)0.0617 (14)
H360.08840.36240.53690.074*
C60.1272 (5)0.5843 (4)0.1275 (3)0.0796 (18)
H60.14190.57960.08490.096*
C43−0.0416 (4)0.3368 (4)0.1457 (3)0.0679 (15)
C39−0.1028 (4)0.3465 (4)0.3430 (4)0.0701 (16)
H39−0.15820.34130.33940.084*
C70.1901 (4)0.5889 (4)0.1982 (3)0.0649 (15)
H70.24580.58770.20220.078*
C460.1265 (4)0.3377 (4)0.1576 (3)0.0738 (16)
H460.18180.33940.16040.089*
C200.4531 (4)0.3517 (5)0.6449 (4)0.0767 (17)
H200.42870.28980.63450.092*
C290.3478 (3)0.6613 (5)0.6949 (3)0.0708 (16)
H290.38540.67530.74300.085*
C300.3127 (3)0.5674 (5)0.6789 (3)0.0616 (14)
C41−0.1471 (4)0.3425 (4)0.2036 (4)0.0736 (16)
H41−0.20310.34370.19860.088*
C42−0.1271 (4)0.3387 (4)0.1413 (4)0.0787 (17)
H42−0.16960.33740.09420.094*
C130.4634 (4)0.7603 (5)0.5121 (4)0.0780 (17)
H130.48820.82200.52310.094*
C310.3279 (4)0.4912 (5)0.7325 (3)0.0789 (18)
H310.36340.50230.78190.095*
C170.5302 (3)0.5385 (5)0.6787 (3)0.0716 (16)
C44−0.0196 (5)0.3334 (4)0.0827 (4)0.0834 (18)
H44−0.06140.33180.03520.100*
C180.5467 (4)0.4642 (6)0.7317 (4)0.0867 (19)
H180.58480.47600.78000.104*
C190.5093 (4)0.3742 (6)0.7158 (4)0.092 (2)
H190.52190.32690.75370.110*
C450.0616 (5)0.3323 (5)0.0877 (4)0.089 (2)
H450.07410.32790.04400.107*
C160.5670 (4)0.6338 (6)0.6939 (4)0.0846 (18)
H160.60640.64750.74130.102*
C330.2366 (4)0.3821 (5)0.6390 (3)0.0767 (18)
H330.21260.32020.62670.092*
C150.5460 (4)0.7034 (6)0.6414 (4)0.0836 (19)
H150.57130.76470.65310.100*
C320.2919 (4)0.4028 (6)0.7128 (4)0.091 (2)
H320.30370.35350.74910.109*
O30.8030 (4)0.9279 (7)0.4993 (4)0.201 (4)
O20.6998 (7)1.0435 (7)0.4268 (5)0.227 (4)
O10.6838 (6)0.8797 (8)0.3980 (5)0.226 (4)
S10.72380 (15)0.9402 (2)0.45628 (13)0.1150 (8)
C530.6710 (9)0.9393 (10)0.5169 (9)0.159 (4)
F20.6754 (6)0.8555 (6)0.5521 (5)0.248 (4)
F10.6960 (7)0.9994 (8)0.5715 (5)0.265 (4)
F30.5898 (6)0.9540 (8)0.4846 (7)0.282 (5)
U11U22U33U12U13U23
Ag10.0616 (3)0.0814 (4)0.0401 (3)−0.0132 (2)0.0113 (2)0.0016 (2)
N30.050 (3)0.065 (3)0.043 (2)−0.006 (2)0.0139 (19)−0.008 (2)
N10.051 (2)0.042 (2)0.054 (2)0.0020 (18)0.0144 (19)−0.0029 (19)
N40.048 (2)0.060 (3)0.052 (2)−0.0033 (19)0.0148 (19)0.000 (2)
N20.052 (2)0.052 (3)0.045 (2)0.0022 (19)0.0137 (19)0.0049 (19)
C240.037 (3)0.056 (3)0.054 (3)0.002 (2)0.016 (2)−0.002 (2)
C250.038 (3)0.069 (3)0.059 (3)0.002 (2)0.014 (2)−0.007 (2)
C510.054 (3)0.034 (3)0.058 (3)0.002 (2)0.008 (2)−0.005 (2)
C40.072 (3)0.038 (3)0.048 (3)0.005 (2)−0.001 (2)−0.001 (2)
C90.055 (3)0.044 (3)0.040 (3)0.003 (2)0.004 (2)0.004 (2)
C500.048 (3)0.038 (3)0.060 (3)−0.003 (2)0.015 (2)−0.001 (2)
C230.043 (3)0.054 (3)0.057 (3)0.004 (2)0.014 (2)−0.002 (2)
C110.043 (3)0.055 (3)0.061 (3)0.001 (2)0.021 (2)0.001 (2)
C30.059 (3)0.051 (3)0.066 (4)0.007 (3)−0.012 (3)0.002 (3)
C350.041 (3)0.072 (3)0.041 (3)0.004 (2)0.015 (2)−0.006 (2)
C520.069 (3)0.035 (3)0.054 (3)−0.006 (2)0.013 (2)−0.002 (2)
C20.058 (3)0.053 (4)0.085 (4)0.002 (3)0.003 (3)−0.003 (3)
C490.046 (3)0.056 (3)0.057 (3)−0.001 (2)0.013 (2)−0.008 (3)
C270.059 (3)0.064 (3)0.057 (3)−0.006 (3)0.014 (3)−0.015 (3)
C470.073 (3)0.039 (3)0.064 (3)−0.002 (2)0.023 (3)−0.005 (2)
C10.053 (3)0.058 (4)0.071 (4)0.000 (2)0.016 (3)−0.007 (3)
C210.039 (3)0.072 (3)0.061 (3)0.011 (2)0.010 (2)0.008 (2)
C80.061 (3)0.046 (3)0.040 (3)0.007 (2)0.010 (2)0.010 (2)
C260.035 (3)0.079 (3)0.054 (3)0.010 (2)0.012 (2)−0.002 (2)
C220.042 (3)0.064 (3)0.066 (3)0.004 (2)0.012 (2)0.003 (3)
C380.055 (3)0.069 (4)0.078 (4)−0.016 (3)0.026 (3)−0.011 (3)
C370.049 (3)0.050 (3)0.063 (3)−0.008 (2)0.016 (2)−0.005 (2)
C480.057 (3)0.053 (3)0.073 (3)0.000 (3)0.023 (3)−0.008 (3)
C340.050 (3)0.073 (3)0.043 (3)0.002 (2)0.011 (2)0.002 (2)
C140.047 (3)0.079 (4)0.070 (3)−0.010 (3)0.019 (3)−0.015 (3)
C400.049 (3)0.039 (3)0.077 (3)−0.005 (2)0.008 (2)−0.005 (3)
C280.053 (3)0.080 (4)0.069 (4)−0.007 (3)0.011 (3)−0.028 (3)
C100.060 (3)0.054 (3)0.058 (3)0.003 (2)0.022 (2)0.009 (2)
C50.099 (4)0.060 (4)0.041 (3)0.009 (3)0.004 (3)0.003 (3)
C120.060 (3)0.064 (3)0.083 (4)−0.009 (3)0.022 (3)0.000 (3)
C360.060 (3)0.065 (3)0.059 (3)−0.009 (3)0.020 (3)0.001 (3)
C60.107 (4)0.080 (4)0.044 (3)0.016 (4)0.018 (3)0.008 (3)
C430.085 (4)0.046 (3)0.057 (3)0.001 (3)0.006 (3)−0.005 (3)
C390.052 (3)0.062 (4)0.092 (4)−0.006 (3)0.020 (3)−0.013 (3)
C70.081 (4)0.066 (4)0.048 (3)0.010 (3)0.022 (3)0.010 (3)
C460.101 (4)0.056 (4)0.069 (4)0.008 (3)0.037 (3)−0.003 (3)
C200.057 (4)0.091 (4)0.080 (4)0.021 (3)0.020 (3)0.025 (3)
C290.051 (3)0.097 (4)0.055 (3)0.002 (3)0.007 (3)−0.021 (3)
C300.045 (3)0.091 (4)0.043 (3)0.007 (3)0.009 (2)−0.008 (2)
C410.053 (3)0.057 (4)0.089 (4)−0.004 (3)−0.001 (3)−0.008 (3)
C420.080 (4)0.055 (4)0.076 (4)0.000 (3)−0.003 (3)−0.007 (3)
C130.061 (4)0.074 (4)0.094 (4)−0.019 (3)0.021 (3)−0.017 (3)
C310.064 (4)0.111 (4)0.048 (3)0.007 (3)0.002 (3)0.005 (3)
C170.044 (3)0.107 (4)0.058 (3)0.011 (3)0.011 (3)−0.011 (3)
C440.112 (5)0.061 (4)0.065 (4)0.008 (4)0.016 (3)−0.002 (3)
C180.057 (4)0.131 (5)0.062 (4)0.018 (3)0.009 (3)0.007 (4)
C190.067 (4)0.124 (5)0.071 (4)0.027 (4)0.008 (3)0.024 (4)
C450.129 (5)0.069 (4)0.066 (4)0.012 (4)0.030 (4)−0.005 (3)
C160.054 (4)0.122 (5)0.069 (4)−0.002 (3)0.012 (3)−0.023 (3)
C330.066 (4)0.088 (4)0.065 (3)−0.005 (3)0.009 (3)0.015 (3)
C150.056 (4)0.105 (5)0.081 (4)−0.018 (3)0.014 (3)−0.030 (3)
C320.086 (5)0.113 (5)0.053 (4)0.005 (4)0.000 (3)0.023 (3)
O30.100 (4)0.401 (13)0.090 (4)0.045 (5)0.021 (4)0.048 (5)
O20.256 (10)0.187 (6)0.246 (10)0.016 (6)0.099 (8)0.088 (6)
O10.201 (8)0.253 (8)0.170 (7)−0.016 (6)0.000 (6)−0.078 (7)
S10.0939 (16)0.157 (2)0.0820 (15)−0.0174 (15)0.0165 (12)−0.0017 (14)
C530.173 (8)0.130 (7)0.210 (9)−0.030 (6)0.112 (7)−0.010 (6)
F20.316 (10)0.199 (7)0.310 (9)−0.005 (6)0.210 (8)0.070 (6)
F10.336 (10)0.268 (9)0.281 (9)−0.081 (7)0.221 (8)−0.093 (7)
F30.160 (6)0.309 (10)0.416 (12)0.006 (6)0.151 (7)0.077 (8)
Ag1—N32.249 (4)C48—H480.9300
Ag1—N12.228 (4)C34—C331.392 (8)
Ag1—N42.411 (4)C14—C131.396 (8)
Ag1—N22.399 (4)C14—C151.431 (8)
N3—C351.368 (7)C40—C391.387 (8)
N3—C271.326 (6)C40—C411.440 (7)
N1—C91.364 (7)C28—H280.9300
N1—C11.321 (7)C28—C291.336 (8)
N4—C341.420 (7)C10—H100.9300
N4—C361.286 (6)C5—H50.9300
N2—C81.400 (6)C5—C61.342 (9)
N2—C101.274 (6)C12—H120.9300
C24—C251.424 (7)C12—C131.364 (8)
C24—C231.434 (7)C36—H360.9300
C24—C111.413 (7)C6—H60.9300
C25—C261.427 (7)C6—C71.391 (8)
C25—C141.406 (7)C43—C421.437 (9)
C51—C501.416 (7)C43—C441.377 (9)
C51—C521.428 (8)C39—H390.9300
C51—C401.417 (7)C7—H70.9300
C4—C91.430 (7)C46—H460.9300
C4—C31.400 (8)C46—C451.395 (8)
C4—C51.412 (9)C20—H200.9300
C9—C81.434 (7)C20—C191.382 (9)
C50—C491.434 (7)C29—H290.9300
C50—C371.426 (7)C29—C301.400 (8)
C23—H230.9300C30—C311.410 (8)
C23—C221.344 (7)C41—H410.9300
C11—C101.473 (7)C41—C421.344 (9)
C11—C121.384 (7)C42—H420.9300
C3—H30.9300C13—H130.9300
C3—C21.336 (9)C31—H310.9300
C35—C341.407 (7)C31—C321.343 (9)
C35—C301.424 (7)C17—C181.382 (9)
C52—C471.426 (8)C17—C161.427 (9)
C52—C431.413 (7)C44—H440.9300
C2—H20.9300C44—C451.359 (9)
C2—C11.396 (8)C18—H180.9300
C49—H490.9300C18—C191.366 (10)
C49—C481.346 (7)C19—H190.9300
C27—H270.9300C45—H450.9300
C27—C281.404 (7)C16—H160.9300
C47—C481.433 (7)C16—C151.327 (9)
C47—C461.410 (8)C33—H330.9300
C1—H10.9300C33—C321.411 (8)
C21—C261.406 (8)C15—H150.9300
C21—C221.417 (8)C32—H320.9300
C21—C201.426 (8)O3—S11.321 (7)
C8—C71.386 (7)O2—S11.515 (9)
C26—C171.436 (7)O1—S11.352 (8)
C22—H220.9300S1—C531.698 (11)
C38—H380.9300C53—F21.309 (13)
C38—C371.387 (7)C53—F11.268 (13)
C38—C391.375 (7)C53—F31.320 (15)
C37—C361.454 (7)
N3—Ag1—N472.24 (15)C51—C40—C41118.5 (6)
N3—Ag1—N2120.45 (15)C39—C40—C51119.0 (5)
N1—Ag1—N3151.52 (16)C39—C40—C41122.5 (6)
N1—Ag1—N4119.33 (15)C27—C28—H28120.5
N1—Ag1—N273.09 (15)C29—C28—C27118.9 (6)
N2—Ag1—N4131.88 (14)C29—C28—H28120.5
C35—N3—Ag1117.9 (3)N2—C10—C11124.4 (5)
C27—N3—Ag1123.0 (4)N2—C10—H10117.8
C27—N3—C35118.3 (5)C11—C10—H10117.8
C9—N1—Ag1117.5 (3)C4—C5—H5119.6
C1—N1—Ag1124.6 (4)C6—C5—C4120.8 (6)
C1—N1—C9117.3 (5)C6—C5—H5119.6
C34—N4—Ag1111.0 (3)C11—C12—H12119.1
C36—N4—Ag1121.2 (4)C13—C12—C11121.8 (6)
C36—N4—C34119.0 (5)C13—C12—H12119.1
C8—N2—Ag1111.0 (3)N4—C36—C37123.7 (5)
C10—N2—Ag1121.2 (4)N4—C36—H36118.2
C10—N2—C8120.1 (5)C37—C36—H36118.2
C25—C24—C23117.8 (5)C5—C6—H6119.0
C11—C24—C25118.2 (5)C5—C6—C7121.9 (6)
C11—C24—C23124.0 (5)C7—C6—H6119.0
C24—C25—C26119.8 (5)C52—C43—C42118.2 (6)
C14—C25—C24121.0 (5)C44—C43—C52119.2 (6)
C14—C25—C26119.2 (5)C44—C43—C42122.6 (6)
C50—C51—C52119.6 (5)C38—C39—C40120.9 (6)
C50—C51—C40120.8 (5)C38—C39—H39119.6
C40—C51—C52119.6 (5)C40—C39—H39119.6
C3—C4—C9117.4 (6)C8—C7—C6120.6 (6)
C3—C4—C5124.1 (6)C8—C7—H7119.7
C5—C4—C9118.5 (6)C6—C7—H7119.7
N1—C9—C4121.6 (5)C47—C46—H46120.4
N1—C9—C8119.0 (4)C45—C46—C47119.3 (7)
C4—C9—C8119.4 (5)C45—C46—H46120.4
C51—C50—C49119.2 (5)C21—C20—H20120.7
C51—C50—C37117.9 (5)C19—C20—C21118.6 (7)
C37—C50—C49122.9 (5)C19—C20—H20120.7
C24—C23—H23119.2C28—C29—H29119.5
C22—C23—C24121.5 (5)C28—C29—C30120.9 (5)
C22—C23—H23119.2C30—C29—H29119.5
C24—C11—C10123.9 (5)C29—C30—C35117.5 (5)
C12—C11—C24119.5 (5)C29—C30—C31124.1 (6)
C12—C11—C10116.5 (5)C31—C30—C35118.4 (6)
C4—C3—H3119.8C40—C41—H41119.3
C2—C3—C4120.4 (6)C42—C41—C40121.4 (6)
C2—C3—H3119.8C42—C41—H41119.3
N3—C35—C34118.9 (5)C43—C42—H42119.2
N3—C35—C30121.1 (5)C41—C42—C43121.6 (6)
C34—C35—C30120.0 (5)C41—C42—H42119.2
C47—C52—C51119.9 (5)C14—C13—H13119.5
C43—C52—C51120.6 (6)C12—C13—C14121.1 (6)
C43—C52—C47119.5 (5)C12—C13—H13119.5
C3—C2—H2120.5C30—C31—H31119.7
C3—C2—C1118.9 (6)C32—C31—C30120.6 (6)
C1—C2—H2120.5C32—C31—H31119.7
C50—C49—H49119.6C18—C17—C26117.6 (6)
C48—C49—C50120.9 (5)C18—C17—C16123.9 (6)
C48—C49—H49119.6C16—C17—C26118.5 (6)
N3—C27—H27118.4C43—C44—H44119.0
N3—C27—C28123.2 (6)C45—C44—C43121.9 (7)
C28—C27—H27118.4C45—C44—H44119.0
C52—C47—C48118.3 (5)C17—C18—H18118.8
C46—C47—C52119.1 (5)C19—C18—C17122.5 (7)
C46—C47—C48122.6 (6)C19—C18—H18118.8
N1—C1—C2124.4 (6)C20—C19—H19119.2
N1—C1—H1117.8C18—C19—C20121.5 (7)
C2—C1—H1117.8C18—C19—H19119.2
C26—C21—C22118.7 (5)C46—C45—H45119.5
C26—C21—C20119.7 (5)C44—C45—C46121.0 (7)
C22—C21—C20121.6 (6)C44—C45—H45119.5
N2—C8—C9118.2 (5)C17—C16—H16119.5
C7—C8—N2123.0 (5)C15—C16—C17121.0 (6)
C7—C8—C9118.7 (5)C15—C16—H16119.5
C25—C26—C17119.8 (6)C34—C33—H33120.7
C21—C26—C25120.1 (5)C34—C33—C32118.7 (6)
C21—C26—C17120.0 (6)C32—C33—H33120.7
C23—C22—C21121.8 (5)C14—C15—H15118.8
C23—C22—H22119.1C16—C15—C14122.3 (7)
C21—C22—H22119.1C16—C15—H15118.8
C37—C38—H38119.3C31—C32—C33122.2 (6)
C39—C38—H38119.3C31—C32—H32118.9
C39—C38—C37121.4 (6)C33—C32—H32118.9
C50—C37—C36124.6 (5)O3—S1—O2115.4 (6)
C38—C37—C50119.7 (5)O3—S1—O1122.5 (6)
C38—C37—C36115.6 (5)O3—S1—C53105.0 (6)
C49—C48—C47121.9 (5)O2—S1—C5396.7 (6)
C49—C48—H48119.0O1—S1—O2105.8 (6)
C47—C48—H48119.0O1—S1—C53108.2 (7)
C35—C34—N4118.6 (5)F2—C53—S1113.8 (10)
C33—C34—N4121.2 (5)F2—C53—F3103.2 (10)
C33—C34—C35120.0 (5)F1—C53—S1116.2 (9)
C25—C14—C15119.1 (6)F1—C53—F2101.8 (13)
C13—C14—C25118.3 (5)F1—C53—F3105.9 (12)
C13—C14—C15122.6 (6)F3—C53—S1114.4 (12)
Ag1—N3—C35—C34−11.9 (6)C49—C50—C37—C3611.2 (8)
Ag1—N3—C35—C30169.1 (4)C27—N3—C35—C34178.1 (5)
Ag1—N3—C27—C28−168.9 (4)C27—N3—C35—C30−0.9 (7)
Ag1—N1—C9—C4170.0 (3)C27—C28—C29—C30−1.7 (9)
Ag1—N1—C9—C8−8.7 (6)C47—C52—C43—C42−178.7 (5)
Ag1—N1—C1—C2−170.8 (4)C47—C52—C43—C440.1 (8)
Ag1—N4—C34—C355.4 (6)C47—C46—C45—C442.4 (9)
Ag1—N4—C34—C33−170.8 (4)C1—N1—C9—C4−1.9 (7)
Ag1—N4—C36—C3736.1 (7)C1—N1—C9—C8179.4 (4)
Ag1—N2—C8—C97.1 (5)C21—C26—C17—C18−1.5 (8)
Ag1—N2—C8—C7−168.5 (4)C21—C26—C17—C16180.0 (5)
Ag1—N2—C10—C1133.2 (7)C21—C20—C19—C18−1.1 (10)
N3—C35—C34—N43.7 (7)C8—N2—C10—C11−179.9 (5)
N3—C35—C34—C33179.9 (5)C26—C25—C14—C13179.6 (5)
N3—C35—C30—C290.0 (8)C26—C25—C14—C150.2 (8)
N3—C35—C30—C31178.8 (5)C26—C21—C22—C23−3.5 (8)
N3—C27—C28—C290.7 (9)C26—C21—C20—C19−0.1 (9)
N1—C9—C8—N20.4 (7)C26—C17—C18—C190.3 (10)
N1—C9—C8—C7176.3 (4)C26—C17—C16—C151.2 (9)
N4—C34—C33—C32177.4 (6)C22—C21—C26—C253.6 (8)
N2—C8—C7—C6177.6 (5)C22—C21—C26—C17−178.2 (5)
C24—C25—C26—C21−0.2 (8)C22—C21—C20—C19179.4 (6)
C24—C25—C26—C17−178.4 (5)C38—C37—C36—N4−146.2 (6)
C24—C25—C14—C13−0.9 (8)C37—C50—C49—C48−177.7 (5)
C24—C25—C14—C15179.7 (5)C37—C38—C39—C40−0.8 (9)
C24—C23—C22—C21−0.2 (8)C48—C47—C46—C45177.5 (5)
C24—C11—C10—N232.7 (8)C34—N4—C36—C37−179.3 (5)
C24—C11—C12—C13−3.6 (9)C34—C35—C30—C29−179.1 (5)
C25—C24—C23—C223.6 (7)C34—C35—C30—C31−0.2 (8)
C25—C24—C11—C10−173.5 (5)C34—C33—C32—C31−0.3 (11)
C25—C24—C11—C123.3 (7)C14—C25—C26—C21179.3 (5)
C25—C26—C17—C18176.7 (5)C14—C25—C26—C171.1 (8)
C25—C26—C17—C16−1.8 (8)C40—C51—C50—C49176.5 (4)
C25—C14—C13—C120.8 (9)C40—C51—C50—C37−2.4 (7)
C25—C14—C15—C16−0.8 (9)C40—C51—C52—C47−179.4 (4)
C51—C50—C49—C483.5 (7)C40—C51—C52—C431.8 (7)
C51—C50—C37—C386.0 (7)C40—C41—C42—C430.0 (9)
C51—C50—C37—C36−169.9 (5)C28—C29—C30—C351.4 (8)
C51—C52—C47—C482.4 (7)C28—C29—C30—C31−177.4 (6)
C51—C52—C47—C46−178.5 (5)C10—N2—C8—C9−142.8 (5)
C51—C52—C43—C420.1 (8)C10—N2—C8—C741.5 (7)
C51—C52—C43—C44178.9 (5)C10—C11—C12—C13173.4 (6)
C51—C40—C39—C384.4 (8)C5—C4—C9—N1−178.0 (5)
C51—C40—C41—C421.9 (8)C5—C4—C9—C80.7 (7)
C4—C9—C8—N2−178.3 (4)C5—C4—C3—C2179.7 (5)
C4—C9—C8—C7−2.5 (7)C5—C6—C7—C80.4 (9)
C4—C3—C2—C1−1.4 (8)C12—C11—C10—N2−144.2 (6)
C4—C5—C6—C7−2.2 (9)C36—N4—C34—C35−142.6 (6)
C9—N1—C1—C20.5 (7)C36—N4—C34—C3341.3 (8)
C9—C4—C3—C20.0 (7)C43—C52—C47—C48−178.8 (5)
C9—C4—C5—C61.6 (8)C43—C52—C47—C460.3 (7)
C9—C8—C7—C62.0 (8)C43—C44—C45—C46−2.0 (10)
C50—C51—C52—C471.1 (7)C39—C38—C37—C50−4.5 (8)
C50—C51—C52—C43−177.7 (4)C39—C38—C37—C36171.7 (5)
C50—C51—C40—C39−2.7 (7)C39—C40—C41—C42−178.7 (6)
C50—C51—C40—C41176.7 (5)C46—C47—C48—C49177.8 (5)
C50—C49—C48—C470.2 (8)C20—C21—C26—C25−176.9 (5)
C50—C37—C36—N429.9 (9)C20—C21—C26—C171.3 (8)
C23—C24—C25—C26−3.4 (7)C20—C21—C22—C23177.0 (5)
C23—C24—C25—C14177.1 (5)C29—C30—C31—C32180.0 (6)
C23—C24—C11—C108.4 (8)C30—C35—C34—N4−177.2 (5)
C23—C24—C11—C12−174.8 (5)C30—C35—C34—C33−1.0 (8)
C11—C24—C25—C26178.4 (5)C30—C31—C32—C33−1.0 (11)
C11—C24—C25—C14−1.1 (8)C41—C40—C39—C38−175.0 (5)
C11—C24—C23—C22−178.3 (5)C42—C43—C44—C45179.5 (6)
C11—C12—C13—C141.5 (10)C13—C14—C15—C16179.8 (6)
C3—C4—C9—N11.7 (7)C17—C18—C19—C200.9 (11)
C3—C4—C9—C8−179.6 (4)C17—C16—C15—C140.1 (10)
C3—C4—C5—C6−178.1 (5)C44—C43—C42—C41−179.7 (6)
C3—C2—C1—N11.2 (8)C18—C17—C16—C15−177.3 (6)
C35—N3—C27—C280.6 (8)C16—C17—C18—C19178.8 (6)
C35—C34—C33—C321.3 (9)C15—C14—C13—C12−179.9 (6)
C35—C30—C31—C321.2 (9)O3—S1—C53—F2−63.8 (13)
C52—C51—C50—C49−4.0 (7)O3—S1—C53—F153.9 (14)
C52—C51—C50—C37177.1 (4)O3—S1—C53—F3177.8 (10)
C52—C51—C40—C39177.8 (5)O2—S1—C53—F2177.6 (12)
C52—C51—C40—C41−2.7 (7)O2—S1—C53—F1−64.7 (14)
C52—C47—C48—C49−3.1 (8)O2—S1—C53—F359.3 (11)
C52—C47—C46—C45−1.5 (8)O1—S1—C53—F268.5 (14)
C52—C43—C42—C41−1.0 (8)O1—S1—C53—F1−173.7 (12)
C52—C43—C44—C450.8 (9)O1—S1—C53—F3−49.8 (12)
C49—C50—C37—C38−172.9 (5)
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
C3—H3···O3i0.932.443.359 (10)140
  10 in total

1.  Pyrene absorption can be a convenient method for probing critical micellar concentration (cmc) and indexing micellar polarity.

Authors:  Gargi Basu Ray; Indranil Chakraborty; Satya P Moulik
Journal:  J Colloid Interface Sci       Date:  2005-08-19       Impact factor: 8.128

2.  The antibacterial drugs market.

Authors:  Hedwig Kresse; Mark J Belsey; Holger Rovini
Journal:  Nat Rev Drug Discov       Date:  2007-01       Impact factor: 84.694

3.  A short history of SHELX.

Authors:  George M Sheldrick
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr A       Date:  2007-12-21       Impact factor: 2.290

4.  Water-soluble and photo-stable silver(I) dicarboxylate complexes containing 1,10-phenanthroline ligands: Antimicrobial and anticancer chemotherapeutic potential, DNA interactions and antioxidant activity.

Authors:  Laura Thornton; Vidya Dixit; Letícia O N Assad; Thales P Ribeiro; Daniela D Queiroz; Andrew Kellett; Alan Casey; John Colleran; Marcos D Pereira; Garret Rochford; Malachy McCann; Denis O'Shea; Rita Dempsey; Siobhán McClean; Agnieszka Foltyn-Arfa Kia; Maureen Walsh; Bernadette Creaven; Orla Howe; Michael Devereux
Journal:  J Inorg Biochem       Date:  2016-03-02       Impact factor: 4.155

5.  Controlled release of biologically active silver from nanosilver surfaces.

Authors:  Jingyu Liu; David A Sonshine; Saira Shervani; Robert H Hurt
Journal:  ACS Nano       Date:  2010-10-22       Impact factor: 15.881

Review 6.  Silver as antibacterial agent: ion, nanoparticle, and metal.

Authors:  Svitlana Chernousova; Matthias Epple
Journal:  Angew Chem Int Ed Engl       Date:  2012-12-17       Impact factor: 15.336

7.  Design and construction of a silver(I)-loaded cellulose-based wound dressing: trackable and sustained release of silver for controlled therapeutic delivery to wound sites.

Authors:  T R deBoer; I Chakraborty; P K Mascharak
Journal:  J Mater Sci Mater Med       Date:  2015-09-28       Impact factor: 3.896

8.  SHELXT - integrated space-group and crystal-structure determination.

Authors:  George M Sheldrick
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv       Date:  2015-01-01       Impact factor: 2.290

9.  Crystal structure refinement with SHELXL.

Authors:  George M Sheldrick
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem       Date:  2015-01-01       Impact factor: 1.172

10.  The Cambridge Structural Database.

Authors:  Colin R Groom; Ian J Bruno; Matthew P Lightfoot; Suzanna C Ward
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr B Struct Sci Cryst Eng Mater       Date:  2016-04-01
  10 in total

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