Genioglossal Advancement, Hyoid Suspension, Tongue Base Radiofrequency, and Endoscopic Partial Midline Glossectomy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Surgical intervention for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a complex topic. The discussion involves intricate procedures targeting specific areas of the upper airway. Because of the wide variety of physiologic and anatomic causes of this disorder it is important to tailor the treatment to offer the patient the best possible outcome. Genioglossus, hyoid, and tongue base procedures should be considered among theses treatment options.