Bonnie Janzen1, Chandima Karunanayake2, Donna Rennie2,3, William Pickett4, Joshua Lawson2,5, Shelley Kirychuk2, Louise Hagel2, Ambikaipakan Senthilselvan6, Niels Koehncke2, James Dosman2, Punam Pahwa7,2. 1. Department of Community Health & Epidemiology, University of Saskatchewan, Health Science Building, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N-5E5, Canada. bonnie.janzen@usask.ca. 2. Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. 3. College of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. 4. Department of Public Health Sciences, Queens University, Kingston, ON, Canada. 5. Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. 6. School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. 7. Department of Community Health & Epidemiology, University of Saskatchewan, Health Science Building, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N-5E5, Canada.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: To investigate the association of individual and contextual exposures with lung function by gender in rural-dwelling Canadians. METHODS: A cross-sectional mail survey obtained completed questionnaires on exposures from 8263 individuals; a sub-sample of 1609 individuals (762 men, 847 women) additionally participated in clinical lung function testing. The three dependent variables were forced expired volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC ratio. Independent variables included smoking, waist circumference, body mass index, indoor household exposures (secondhand smoke, dampness, mold, musty odor), occupational exposures (grain dust, pesticides, livestock, farm residence), and socioeconomic status. The primary analysis was multiple linear regression, conducted separately for each outcome. The potential modifying influence of gender was tested in multivariable models using product terms between gender and each independent variable. RESULTS: High-risk waist circumference was related to reduced FVC and FEV1 for both genders, but the effect was more pronounced in men. Greater pack-years smoking was associated with lower lung function values. Exposure to household smoke was related to reduced FEV1, and exposure to livestock, with increased FEV1. Lower income adequacy was associated with reduced FVC and FEV1. CONCLUSION: High-risk waist circumference was more strongly associated with reduced lung function in men than women. Longitudinal research combined with rigorous exposure assessment is needed to clarify how sex and gender interact to impact lung function in rural populations.
INTRODUCTION: To investigate the association of individual and contextual exposures with lung function by gender in rural-dwelling Canadians. METHODS: A cross-sectional mail survey obtained completed questionnaires on exposures from 8263 individuals; a sub-sample of 1609 individuals (762 men, 847 women) additionally participated in clinical lung function testing. The three dependent variables were forced expired volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC ratio. Independent variables included smoking, waist circumference, body mass index, indoor household exposures (secondhand smoke, dampness, mold, musty odor), occupational exposures (grain dust, pesticides, livestock, farm residence), and socioeconomic status. The primary analysis was multiple linear regression, conducted separately for each outcome. The potential modifying influence of gender was tested in multivariable models using product terms between gender and each independent variable. RESULTS: High-risk waist circumference was related to reduced FVC and FEV1 for both genders, but the effect was more pronounced in men. Greater pack-years smoking was associated with lower lung function values. Exposure to household smoke was related to reduced FEV1, and exposure to livestock, with increased FEV1. Lower income adequacy was associated with reduced FVC and FEV1. CONCLUSION: High-risk waist circumference was more strongly associated with reduced lung function in men than women. Longitudinal research combined with rigorous exposure assessment is needed to clarify how sex and gender interact to impact lung function in rural populations.
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Authors: Punam Pahwa; Chandima P Karunanayake; Louise Hagel; Bonnie Janzen; William Pickett; Donna Rennie; Ambikaipakan Senthilselvan; Josh Lawson; Shelley Kirychuk; James Dosman Journal: BMC Res Notes Date: 2012-08-01