Norihisa Katayama1, Atsunori Yorozu2, Shinichiro Maruo3, Shinsuke Kojima3, Toshio Ohashi4, Nobumichi Tanaka5, Takashi Kikuchi3, Satoshi Higashide3, Shiro Saito6, Takushi Dokiya7, Masanori Fukushima3, Hidetoshi Yamanaka8. 1. Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan. Electronic address: n-katayama@bea.hi-ho.ne.jp. 2. Department of Radiation Oncology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan. 3. Translational Research Informatics Center, Kobe, Japan. 4. Department of Radiation Oncology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. 5. Department of Urology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan. 6. Department of Urology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan. 7. Department of Radiology, Kyoundo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. 8. Institutes of Preventive Medicine, Kurosawa Hospital, Takasaki, Japan.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence and the associated factors of rectal toxicity in patients with prostate cancer undergoing permanent seed implantation (PI) with or without external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) in a nationwide prospective cohort study in Japan (J-POPS) during the first 2 years. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 2,339 subjects were available for the analyses. Rectal toxicity was evaluated using the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 3.0. RESULTS: The 3-year cumulative incidence for grade ≥2 rectal toxicity was 2.88%, 1.76%, and 6.53% in all subjects, PI group and EBRT combination therapy group, respectively. On multivariate analysis, among all subjects, grade ≥2 rectal toxicity was associated with rectal volumes receiving 100% of the prescribed dose (R100; p < 0.0001) and EBRT combination therapy (p = 0.0066). R100 in the PI group (p = 0.0254), and R100 (p = 0.0011) and interactive planning (p = 0.0267) in the EBRT combination therapy group were also associated with grade ≥2 toxicity. The 3-year cumulative incidence of grade ≥2 rectal toxicity was 3.80% and 1.37% for R100 ≥ 1 mL and R100 < 1 mL, respectively, in the PI group (p = 0.0068), and 14.09% and 5.52% for R100 ≥ 1 mL and R100 < 1 mL, respectively, in the EBRT combination therapy group (p = 0.0070). CONCLUSIONS: Rectal toxicity was relatively rare in this study compared with previous reports. For Japanese prostate cancer patients, R100 < 1 mL in both PI and EBRT combination therapy groups and interactive planning in EBRT combination therapy group may be effective in decreasing the incidence of rectal toxicity. Copyright Â
PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence and the associated factors of rectal toxicity in patients with prostate cancer undergoing permanent seed implantation (PI) with or without external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) in a nationwide prospective cohort study in Japan (J-POPS) during the first 2 years. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 2,339 subjects were available for the analyses. Rectal toxicity was evaluated using the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 3.0. RESULTS: The 3-year cumulative incidence for grade ≥2 rectal toxicity was 2.88%, 1.76%, and 6.53% in all subjects, PI group and EBRT combination therapy group, respectively. On multivariate analysis, among all subjects, grade ≥2 rectal toxicity was associated with rectal volumes receiving 100% of the prescribed dose (R100; p < 0.0001) and EBRT combination therapy (p = 0.0066). R100 in the PI group (p = 0.0254), and R100 (p = 0.0011) and interactive planning (p = 0.0267) in the EBRT combination therapy group were also associated with grade ≥2 toxicity. The 3-year cumulative incidence of grade ≥2 rectal toxicity was 3.80% and 1.37% for R100 ≥ 1 mL and R100 < 1 mL, respectively, in the PI group (p = 0.0068), and 14.09% and 5.52% for R100 ≥ 1 mL and R100 < 1 mL, respectively, in the EBRT combination therapy group (p = 0.0070). CONCLUSIONS: Rectal toxicity was relatively rare in this study compared with previous reports. For Japanese prostate cancerpatients, R100 < 1 mL in both PI and EBRT combination therapy groups and interactive planning in EBRT combination therapy group may be effective in decreasing the incidence of rectal toxicity. Copyright Â