Yingxi Chen1, Kathryn Glass1, Bette Liu2, Kirsty Hope3, Martyn Kirk1. 1. 1 The Australian National University , Canberra, Australia . 2. 2 University of New South Wales , Sydney, New South Wales, Australia . 3. 3 NSW Minister of Health , Sydney, New South Wales, Australia .
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Salmonella infection is one of the most common foodborne bacterial pathogens, and causes a significant health burden globally. We investigated the incidence and risk factors for notification and hospitalization due to Salmonella infection in older adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used the 45 and Up Study, a large-scale Australian prospective study of adults aged ≥45 years, with record linkage to multiple databases for the years 2006-2012 to estimate the incidence of notification and hospitalization for Salmonella infection and estimate hazard ratios using Cox regression. RESULTS: Over a total follow-up of 1,120,242 person-years, 333 adults had laboratory-confirmed Salmonella infection and 101 were hospitalized; the notification and hospitalization incidence were 29.7 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 26.9-33.3) and 9.0 (95% CI: 7.4-10.9) per 100,000 person-years, respectively. The risk of Salmonella infection notification did not differ by age, but risk of hospitalization increased with age. Elderly males had the highest risk of infection-related hospitalization. The risk of notification was higher for those living in rural or remote areas (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.7, 95% CI 1.3-2.2), those taking proton pump inhibitors (aHR 1.9, 95% CI 1.4-2.4), and those reporting chicken/poultry intake at least seven times per week (aHR 3.2, 95% CI 1.3-7.9). CONCLUSIONS: Chicken consumption remains a significant risk factor for Salmonella infection, highlighting the importance of reducing contamination of poultry and improving food safety advice for older people.
BACKGROUND:Salmonella infection is one of the most common foodborne bacterial pathogens, and causes a significant health burden globally. We investigated the incidence and risk factors for notification and hospitalization due to Salmonella infection in older adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used the 45 and Up Study, a large-scale Australian prospective study of adults aged ≥45 years, with record linkage to multiple databases for the years 2006-2012 to estimate the incidence of notification and hospitalization for Salmonella infection and estimate hazard ratios using Cox regression. RESULTS: Over a total follow-up of 1,120,242 person-years, 333 adults had laboratory-confirmed Salmonella infection and 101 were hospitalized; the notification and hospitalization incidence were 29.7 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 26.9-33.3) and 9.0 (95% CI: 7.4-10.9) per 100,000 person-years, respectively. The risk of Salmonella infection notification did not differ by age, but risk of hospitalization increased with age. Elderly males had the highest risk of infection-related hospitalization. The risk of notification was higher for those living in rural or remote areas (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.7, 95% CI 1.3-2.2), those taking proton pump inhibitors (aHR 1.9, 95% CI 1.4-2.4), and those reporting chicken/poultry intake at least seven times per week (aHR 3.2, 95% CI 1.3-7.9). CONCLUSIONS:Chicken consumption remains a significant risk factor for Salmonella infection, highlighting the importance of reducing contamination of poultry and improving food safety advice for older people.
Authors: M Andrea Azcarate-Peril; Natasha Butz; Maria Belen Cadenas; Matthew Koci; Anne Ballou; Mary Mendoza; Rizwana Ali; Hosni Hassan Journal: Appl Environ Microbiol Date: 2018-02-14 Impact factor: 4.792
Authors: Bradford Greening; Hilary K Whitham; Wade K Aldous; Nancy Hall; Ann Garvey; Steven Mandernach; Emily B Kahn; Patrick Nonnenmacher; Jason Snow; Martin I Meltzer; Sandra Hoffmann Journal: Emerg Infect Dis Date: 2022-06 Impact factor: 16.126