Ewa Skała1, Przemysław Sitarek2, Monika Toma3, Janusz Szemraj4, Maciej Radek5, Malgorzata Nieborowska-Skorska6, Tomasz Skorski6, Halina Wysokińska2, Tomasz Śliwiński3. 1. Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Łódź, Poland. ewa.skala@umed.lodz.pl. 2. Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Łódź, Poland. 3. Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Łódź, Poland. 4. Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Łódź, Poland. 5. Department of Neurosurgery and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Łódź, University Hospital WAM-CSW, Łódź, Poland. 6. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University, School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the cytotoxic effect and apoptotic activity of Rhaponticum carthamoides transformed root (TR) and root of soil-grown plant (NR) extracts in a human glioma primary cells. The effect of these root extracts on cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and expression levels of apoptosis-related genes (Bcl-2, Bax and p53) were also examined. METHODS: Cytotoxic activity of root extracts was evaluated by MTT assay. Apoptosis and cell cycle were determined by flow cytometry. Expression levels of apoptosis-related gene were analysed by RT-PCR and Western blotting. ΔΨm was examined by the use of JC-1 reagent. KEY FINDINGS: Rhaponticum carthamoides root extracts inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in human glioma cells. The root extracts were found to up-regulate the pro-apoptotic Bax protein and down-regulate the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein, consequently increasing the ratios of Bax/Bcl-2 protein levels. Moreover, an increase of the p53 protein level and reduction of ΔΨm in glioma cells were observed after treatment with NR and TR extracts. CONCLUSION: The results of this study may offer a new insight into the potential anticancer activity of R. carthamoides root extracts.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the cytotoxic effect and apoptotic activity of Rhaponticum carthamoides transformed root (TR) and root of soil-grown plant (NR) extracts in a humanglioma primary cells. The effect of these root extracts on cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and expression levels of apoptosis-related genes (Bcl-2, Bax and p53) were also examined. METHODS:Cytotoxic activity of root extracts was evaluated by MTT assay. Apoptosis and cell cycle were determined by flow cytometry. Expression levels of apoptosis-related gene were analysed by RT-PCR and Western blotting. ΔΨm was examined by the use of JC-1 reagent. KEY FINDINGS:Rhaponticum carthamoides root extracts inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in humanglioma cells. The root extracts were found to up-regulate the pro-apoptotic Bax protein and down-regulate the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein, consequently increasing the ratios of Bax/Bcl-2 protein levels. Moreover, an increase of the p53 protein level and reduction of ΔΨm in glioma cells were observed after treatment with NR and TR extracts. CONCLUSION: The results of this study may offer a new insight into the potential anticancer activity of R. carthamoides root extracts.
Authors: Przemysław Sitarek; Ewa Skała; Monika Toma; Marzena Wielanek; Janusz Szemraj; Tomasz Skorski; Adam J Białas; Tomasz Sakowicz; Tomasz Kowalczyk; Maciej Radek; Halina Wysokińska; Tomasz Śliwiński Journal: Pathol Oncol Res Date: 2016-12-28 Impact factor: 3.201