Robert J Huber1, Danton H O'Day2. 1. Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: roberthuber@trentu.ca. 2. Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic complex of glycoproteins, proteoglycans, carbohydrates, and collagen that serves as an interface between mammalian cells and their extracellular environment. Essential for normal cellular homeostasis, physiology, and events that occur during development, it is also a key functionary in a number of human diseases including cancer. The social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum secretes an ECM during multicellular development that regulates multicellularity, cell motility, cell differentiation, and morphogenesis, and provides structural support and protective layers to the resulting differentiated cell types. Proteolytic processing within the Dictyostelium ECM leads to specific bioactive factors that regulate cell motility and differentiation. SCOPE OF REVIEW: Here we review the structure and functions of the Dictyostelium ECM and its role in regulating multicellular development. The questions and challenges that remain and how they can be answered are also discussed. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS: The Dictyostelium ECM shares many of the features of mammalian and plant ECM, and thus presents an excellent system for studying the structure and function of the ECM. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: As a genetically tractable model organism, Dictyostelium offers the potential to further elucidate ECM functions, and to possibly reveal previously unknown roles for the ECM. Copyright Â
BACKGROUND: The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic complex of glycoproteins, proteoglycans, carbohydrates, and collagen that serves as an interface between mammalian cells and their extracellular environment. Essential for normal cellular homeostasis, physiology, and events that occur during development, it is also a key functionary in a number of human diseases including cancer. The social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum secretes an ECM during multicellular development that regulates multicellularity, cell motility, cell differentiation, and morphogenesis, and provides structural support and protective layers to the resulting differentiated cell types. Proteolytic processing within the Dictyostelium ECM leads to specific bioactive factors that regulate cell motility and differentiation. SCOPE OF REVIEW: Here we review the structure and functions of the Dictyostelium ECM and its role in regulating multicellular development. The questions and challenges that remain and how they can be answered are also discussed. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS: The Dictyostelium ECM shares many of the features of mammalian and plant ECM, and thus presents an excellent system for studying the structure and function of the ECM. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: As a genetically tractable model organism, Dictyostelium offers the potential to further elucidate ECM functions, and to possibly reveal previously unknown roles for the ECM. Copyright Â
Authors: Joe Dan Dunn; Cristina Bosmani; Caroline Barisch; Lyudmil Raykov; Louise H Lefrançois; Elena Cardenal-Muñoz; Ana Teresa López-Jiménez; Thierry Soldati Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2018-01-04 Impact factor: 7.561
Authors: Sargon Gross-Thebing; Lukasz Truszkowski; Daniel Tenbrinck; Héctor Sánchez-Iranzo; Carolina Camelo; Kim J Westerich; Amrita Singh; Paul Maier; Jonas Prengel; Pia Lange; Jan Hüwel; Fjedor Gaede; Ramona Sasse; Bart E Vos; Timo Betz; Maja Matis; Robert Prevedel; Stefan Luschnig; Alba Diz-Muñoz; Martin Burger; Erez Raz Journal: Sci Adv Date: 2020-12-04 Impact factor: 14.136
Authors: Anahit Penesyan; Ian T Paulsen; Staffan Kjelleberg; Michael R Gillings Journal: NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes Date: 2021-11-10 Impact factor: 7.290
Authors: Hana Zand Karimi; Patricia Baldrich; Brian D Rutter; Lucía Borniego; Kamil K Zajt; Blake C Meyers; Roger W Innes Journal: Plant Cell Date: 2022-04-26 Impact factor: 12.085