Parviz Mohajeri1, Laya Yazdani1, Abdolrazagh Hashemi Shahraki2, Amirhoshang Alvandi1, Sara Atashi3, Abbas Farahani4, Ali Almasi5, Mansour Rezaei6. 1. 1 Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah, Iran . 2. 2 Department of Epidemiology, Pasteur Institute of Iran , Tehran, Iran . 3. 3 West Tuberculosis Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah, Iran . 4. 4 Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences , Ahvaz, Iran . 5. 5 Department of Environmental Health, Public Health College, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah, Iran . 6. 6 Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah, Iran .
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Nontuberculous mycobacteria are habitants of environment, especially in aquatic systems. Some of them cause problems in immunodeficient patients. Over the last decade, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was established in 45 novel species of nontuberculous mycobacteria. Experiences revealed that this method underestimates the diversity, but does not distinguish between some of mycobacterium subsp. To recognize emerging rapidly growing mycobacteria and identify their subsp, rpoB gene sequencing has been developed. OBJECTIVES: To better understand the transmission of nontuberculous mycobacterial species from drinking water and preventing the spread of illness with these bacteria, the aim of this study was to detect the presence of bacteria by PCR-sequencing techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Drinking water samples were collected from different areas of Kermanshah city in west of IRAN. After decontamination with cetylpyridinium chloride, samples were filtered with 0.45-micron filters, the filter transferred directly on growth medium waiting to appear in colonies, then DNA extraction and PCR were performed, and products were sent to sequencing. RESULTS: We found 35/110 (32%) nontuberculous mycobacterial species in drinking water samples, isolates included Mycobacterium goodii, Mycobacterium aurum, and Mycobacterium gastri with the most abundance (11.5%), followed by Mycobacterium smegmatis, Mycobacterium porcinum, Mycobacterium peregrinum, Mycobacterium mucogenicum, and Mycobacterium chelonae (8%). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we recognized the evidence of contamination by nontuberculous mycobacteria in corroded water pipes. As a result of the high prevalence of these bacteria in drinking water in Kermanshah, this is important evidence of transmission through drinking water. This finding can also help public health policy makers control these isolates in drinking water supplies in Kermanshah.
BACKGROUND:Nontuberculous mycobacteria are habitants of environment, especially in aquatic systems. Some of them cause problems in immunodeficientpatients. Over the last decade, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was established in 45 novel species of nontuberculous mycobacteria. Experiences revealed that this method underestimates the diversity, but does not distinguish between some of mycobacterium subsp. To recognize emerging rapidly growing mycobacteria and identify their subsp, rpoB gene sequencing has been developed. OBJECTIVES: To better understand the transmission of nontuberculous mycobacterial species from drinking water and preventing the spread of illness with these bacteria, the aim of this study was to detect the presence of bacteria by PCR-sequencing techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Drinking water samples were collected from different areas of Kermanshah city in west of IRAN. After decontamination with cetylpyridinium chloride, samples were filtered with 0.45-micron filters, the filter transferred directly on growth medium waiting to appear in colonies, then DNA extraction and PCR were performed, and products were sent to sequencing. RESULTS: We found 35/110 (32%) nontuberculous mycobacterial species in drinking water samples, isolates included Mycobacterium goodii, Mycobacterium aurum, and Mycobacterium gastri with the most abundance (11.5%), followed by Mycobacterium smegmatis, Mycobacterium porcinum, Mycobacterium peregrinum, Mycobacterium mucogenicum, and Mycobacterium chelonae (8%). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we recognized the evidence of contamination by nontuberculous mycobacteria in corroded water pipes. As a result of the high prevalence of these bacteria in drinking water in Kermanshah, this is important evidence of transmission through drinking water. This finding can also help public health policy makers control these isolates in drinking water supplies in Kermanshah.
Authors: Ruth Waldron; Dympna Waldron; Eileen McMahon; Leona Reilly; Una Ni Riain; Catherine Fleming; Anthony O'Regan Journal: Respir Med Case Rep Date: 2019-02-28
Authors: Ana Carolina de Oliveira de Lima; Karen Barros Schmid; Hilda Ferreira de Melo; Rafaella Christine Athayde; Rossiclea Lins Monte; Isabela Neves de Almeida; Silvana Spíndola de Miranda; Afrânio Kritski; Maria Lucia Rossetti; Marcelo Cordeiros-Santos Journal: Rev Soc Bras Med Trop Date: 2022-08-05 Impact factor: 2.141