Sheetu Singh1, Bharat Bhushan Sharma2, Sundeep Salvi3, Jugesh Chhatwal4, Kailash Chandra Jain5, Lata Kumar6, Mohan Keshav Joshi7, Suresh Babu Pandramajal8, Shally Awasthi9, Sheila Bhave10, Sylvan Rego11, Thevaruparambil Unny Sukumaran12, Vasant A Khatav13, Virendra Singh14, Surendra Kumar Sharma15, Mohammed Sabir16. 1. Institute of Respiratory Disease, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. 2. Internal Medicine, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. 3. Chest Research Foundation, Marigold Premises, Pune, India. 4. Department of Pediatrics, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India. 5. Respiratory Medicine, Pioneer Medical Centre, Jodhpur, India. 6. Department of Pediatrics, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India. 7. Department of General Medicine, Panjat Hospital, Mumbai, India. 8. Bapuji Child Health Institute and Research Centre, J.J.M. Medical College, Davangere, India. 9. Department of Pediatrics, King George's Medical College, Lucknow, India. 10. Department of Pediatrics, KEM Hospital Research Centre, Rasta Peth, Pune, India. 11. Department of Pediatrics, St. John' Medical College and hospital, Bangalore, India. 12. Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Child Health, Medical College, Kottayam, India. 13. Department of Pediatrics, Dr Khatav Mother & Child Hospital, Borivali, Mumbai, India. 14. Pulmonary Medicine, Asthma Bhawan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. 15. Department of Internal Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. 16. Department of Medicine, MAMC, Agroha, S.P. Medical College, Bikaner, India.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: We aim to describe the data collected from India during phase 3 of the International study of asthma and allergy in childhood (ISAAC) study. Prevalence, severity, and population characteristics associated with rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema were assessed. METHODS: Children from two age groups (6-7 and 13-14 years) were included in the study as per the ISAAC protocol. The symptoms of allergy and associated features were assessed using a questionnaire. RESULTS: The prevalence of allergic rhinitis among the 6-7 years age group was 11.3%, while it was 24.4% in the 13-14 years age group. The prevalence of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis was 3.9% in the 6-7 years age group and 10.9% in the 13-14 years age group. The prevalence of eczema was 2.8% in the 6-7 years age group and 3.7% in the 13-14 years age group. The passage of trucks near home, parental smoking, use of paracetamol, use of antibiotics, cooking with firewood, and television watching were associated with allergic rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema. Maternal smoking was the strongest of all the associated features for allergic rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema, especially in the 6-7 years age group (odds ratio: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.5-2.4; odds ratio: 2.9, 95% CI, 2.2-3.9; and odds ratio: 3.5, 95% CI: 2.6-4.8, respectively). CONCLUSION: Allergic conditions like allergic rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema are prevalent among Indian children and are associated with environmental tobacco smoke, paracetamol use, antibiotic use, television watching, and outdoor and indoor air pollution.
OBJECTIVE: We aim to describe the data collected from India during phase 3 of the International study of asthma and allergy in childhood (ISAAC) study. Prevalence, severity, and population characteristics associated with rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema were assessed. METHODS:Children from two age groups (6-7 and 13-14 years) were included in the study as per the ISAAC protocol. The symptoms of allergy and associated features were assessed using a questionnaire. RESULTS: The prevalence of allergic rhinitis among the 6-7 years age group was 11.3%, while it was 24.4% in the 13-14 years age group. The prevalence of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis was 3.9% in the 6-7 years age group and 10.9% in the 13-14 years age group. The prevalence of eczema was 2.8% in the 6-7 years age group and 3.7% in the 13-14 years age group. The passage of trucks near home, parental smoking, use of paracetamol, use of antibiotics, cooking with firewood, and television watching were associated with allergic rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema. Maternal smoking was the strongest of all the associated features for allergic rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema, especially in the 6-7 years age group (odds ratio: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.5-2.4; odds ratio: 2.9, 95% CI, 2.2-3.9; and odds ratio: 3.5, 95% CI: 2.6-4.8, respectively). CONCLUSION: Allergic conditions like allergic rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema are prevalent among Indian children and are associated with environmental tobacco smoke, paracetamol use, antibiotic use, television watching, and outdoor and indoor air pollution.
Authors: Agnes S Ellie; Yuexia Sun; Jing Hou; Pan Wang; Qingnan Zhang; Jan Sundell Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-04-14 Impact factor: 3.390