Huan Zhou1, Yongping Liu2, Lu Liu3, Min Zhang3, Xingzhi Chen4, Yulong Qi5. 1. The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China; Department of Health Management, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China; Anhui General Medical Development Research Center, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China. 2. The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China. 3. Department of Health Management, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China. 4. Department of Health Management, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China. Electronic address: chen007835@163.com. 5. Anhui General Medical Development Research Center, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China. Electronic address: qiyulong@ahedu.gov.cn.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship of the pre-pregnancy modifiable risks with miscarriage. STUDY DESIGN: We randomly selected 51 communities or villages from January 2013 to December 2014 in Anhui, China. We calculated incidence rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each risk factor for miscarriage. RESULTS: The incidence rate of miscarriage was 7.45%, and pre-embryonic loss account for 12.66%, embryonic loss account for 38%, and fetal losses account for 49.34% of all loss. In multivariate analysis, women with hypertension (RR=2.272, 95% CI=1.27-4.04), women had a family history of abortion in their mother (RR=1.96, 95% CI=1.22-3.14) prior to pregnancy had significantly higher adjusted risk ratio for miscarriage. Obese, overweight, and underweight prior to pregnancy were about 2.01 (95% CI=1.1-3.68), 1.71 (95% CI=1.04-2.81), and 2.05 (95% CI=1.3-3.23) times more likely to end in miscarriage compared with normal weight. Some physical examination indicators, for example pH value of leucorrhea ≥4.5 (RR=2.13, 95% CI=1.48-3.07), red blood cell count <5 10(12)/L (RR=1.52, 95% CI=1.02-2.26), and positive LgG antibodies to human cytomegalovirus (RR=1.45, 95% CI=1.02-3.14) prior to pregnancy had good prediction effect on miscarriage. We also found remarkable differences on risk factors between non-fetal losses and fetal losses. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that these modifiable risks should be included into pre-conception counseling as important risk factors for screening high-risk population and reducing the rate of spontaneous abortion.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship of the pre-pregnancy modifiable risks with miscarriage. STUDY DESIGN: We randomly selected 51 communities or villages from January 2013 to December 2014 in Anhui, China. We calculated incidence rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each risk factor for miscarriage. RESULTS: The incidence rate of miscarriage was 7.45%, and pre-embryonic loss account for 12.66%, embryonic loss account for 38%, and fetal losses account for 49.34% of all loss. In multivariate analysis, women with hypertension (RR=2.272, 95% CI=1.27-4.04), women had a family history of abortion in their mother (RR=1.96, 95% CI=1.22-3.14) prior to pregnancy had significantly higher adjusted risk ratio for miscarriage. Obese, overweight, and underweight prior to pregnancy were about 2.01 (95% CI=1.1-3.68), 1.71 (95% CI=1.04-2.81), and 2.05 (95% CI=1.3-3.23) times more likely to end in miscarriage compared with normal weight. Some physical examination indicators, for example pH value of leucorrhea ≥4.5 (RR=2.13, 95% CI=1.48-3.07), red blood cell count <5 10(12)/L (RR=1.52, 95% CI=1.02-2.26), and positive LgG antibodies to human cytomegalovirus (RR=1.45, 95% CI=1.02-3.14) prior to pregnancy had good prediction effect on miscarriage. We also found remarkable differences on risk factors between non-fetal losses and fetal losses. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that these modifiable risks should be included into pre-conception counseling as important risk factors for screening high-risk population and reducing the rate of spontaneous abortion.
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