Manuela França1, Luis Martí-Bonmatí2, Ángel Alberich-Bayarri2, Pedro Oliveira3,4, Susana Guimaraes5, João Oliveira6, João Amorim6, Javier Sanchez Gonzalez7, José Ramón Vizcaíno8, Helena Pessegueiro Miranda4,9. 1. Imaging Department, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Largo Prof Abel Salazar, 4099-001, Porto, Portugal. mariamanuela.franca@gmail.com. 2. Radiology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe and Biomedical Imaging Research Group (GIBI230), Valencia, Spain. 3. Population Studies Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. 4. Epidemiology Research Unit (EPI Unit), Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. 5. Pathology Department, Centro Hospitalar de S. João, Porto, Portugal. 6. Radiology Department, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal. 7. MR Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Madrid, Spain. 8. Pathology Department, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal. 9. Liver and Pancreas Transplantation Unit and Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the role of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion model for the assessment of liver fibrosis and inflammation in diffuse liver disorders, also considering the presence of liver steatosis and iron deposits. METHODS: Seventy-four patients were included, with liver biopsy and a 3 Tesla abdominal magnetic resonance imaging examination, with an IVIM diffusion-weighted sequence (single-shot spin-echo echo-planar sequence, with gradient reversal fat suppression; 6 b-values: 0, 50, 200, 400, 600, and 800 s/mm2). Histological evaluation comprised the Ishak modified scale, for grading inflammation and fibrosis, plus steatosis and iron loading classification. The liver apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and IVIM parameters (D, D*, f) were calculated from the IVIM images. The relationship between IVIM parameters and histopathological scores were evaluated by ANOVA and Spearman correlation tests. A test-retest experiment assessed reproducibility and repeatability in 10 healthy volunteers and 10 randomly selected patient studies. RESULTS: ADC and f values were lower with higher fibrosis stages (p = 0.009, p = 0.006, respectively) and also with higher necro-inflammatory activity grades (p = 0.02, p = 0.017, respectively). Considered together, only fibrosis presented a significant effect on ADC and f measurements (p < 0.05), whereas inflammation had no significant effect (p > 0.05). A mild correlation was found between ADC and f with fibrosis (R S = -0.32 and R S = -0.38; p < 0.05) and inflammation (R S = -0.31 and R S = -0.32, p < 0.05; respectively). The AUROC for ADC and f measurements with the different dichotomizations between fibrosis or inflammation grades were only fair (0.670 to 0.749, p < 0.05). Neither D nor D* values were significantly different between liver fibrosis or inflammation grades. D measurements were significantly different across histologic grades of steatosis (p < 0.001) and iron overload (p < 0.001), whereas f measurements showed significant differences across histologic steatosis grades (p = 0.005). There was an excellent agreement between the different readers for ADC, f, and D. CONCLUSIONS: Although fibrosis presented a significant effect on ADC and f, IVIM measurements are not accurate enough to stage liver fibrosis or necro-inflammatory activity in diffuse liver diseases. D values were influenced by steatosis and iron overload.
PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the role of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion model for the assessment of liver fibrosis and inflammation in diffuse liver disorders, also considering the presence of liver steatosis and iron deposits. METHODS: Seventy-four patients were included, with liver biopsy and a 3 Tesla abdominal magnetic resonance imaging examination, with an IVIM diffusion-weighted sequence (single-shot spin-echo echo-planar sequence, with gradient reversal fat suppression; 6 b-values: 0, 50, 200, 400, 600, and 800 s/mm2). Histological evaluation comprised the Ishak modified scale, for grading inflammation and fibrosis, plus steatosis and iron loading classification. The liver apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and IVIM parameters (D, D*, f) were calculated from the IVIM images. The relationship between IVIM parameters and histopathological scores were evaluated by ANOVA and Spearman correlation tests. A test-retest experiment assessed reproducibility and repeatability in 10 healthy volunteers and 10 randomly selected patient studies. RESULTS: ADC and f values were lower with higher fibrosis stages (p = 0.009, p = 0.006, respectively) and also with higher necro-inflammatory activity grades (p = 0.02, p = 0.017, respectively). Considered together, only fibrosis presented a significant effect on ADC and f measurements (p < 0.05), whereas inflammation had no significant effect (p > 0.05). A mild correlation was found between ADC and f with fibrosis (R S = -0.32 and R S = -0.38; p < 0.05) and inflammation (R S = -0.31 and R S = -0.32, p < 0.05; respectively). The AUROC for ADC and f measurements with the different dichotomizations between fibrosis or inflammation grades were only fair (0.670 to 0.749, p < 0.05). Neither D nor D* values were significantly different between liver fibrosis or inflammation grades. D measurements were significantly different across histologic grades of steatosis (p < 0.001) and iron overload (p < 0.001), whereas f measurements showed significant differences across histologic steatosis grades (p = 0.005). There was an excellent agreement between the different readers for ADC, f, and D. CONCLUSIONS: Although fibrosis presented a significant effect on ADC and f, IVIM measurements are not accurate enough to stage liver fibrosis or necro-inflammatory activity in diffuse liver diseases. D values were influenced by steatosis and iron overload.
Authors: Zhong-Wei Chen; Huan-Ming Xiao; Xinjian Ye; Kun Liu; Rafael S Rios; Kenneth I Zheng; Yi Jin; Giovanni Targher; Christopher D Byrne; Junping Shi; Zhihan Yan; Xiao-Ling Chi; Ming-Hua Zheng Journal: Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr Date: 2022-04 Impact factor: 7.293
Authors: Guilherme Moura Cunha; Patrick J Navin; Kathryn J Fowler; Sudhakar K Venkatesh; Richard L Ehman; Claude B Sirlin Journal: Br J Radiol Date: 2021-02-26 Impact factor: 3.629