Rachel M Stanley1,2, Michael D Johnson3, Cheryl Vance4, Lalit Bajaj5, Lynn Babcock6, Shireen Atabaki7, Danny Thomas8, Harold K Simon9, Daniel M Cohen2, Daniel Rubacalva10, P David Adelson11, Blake Bulloch12, Alexander J Rogers1, Prashant Mahajan13, Jill Baren14, Lois Lee15, John Hoyle16,17,18, Kimberly Quayle19, T Charles Casper20, J Michael Dean20, Nathan Kuppermann4. 1. Department of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. 2. Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH. 3. Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT. 4. Departments of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA. 5. Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado, Denver, CO. 6. Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH. 7. Department of Emergency Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC. 8. Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Section of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI. 9. Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, Emory University, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA. 10. Department of Pediatric Medicine, Emergency Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. 11. Division of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ. 12. Division of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ. 13. Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI. 14. Department of Emergency Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. 15. Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA. 16. Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Emergency Medicine, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI. 17. Department of Emergency Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI. 18. Departments of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics/Adolescent Medicine, Western Michigan University School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI. 19. Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. 20. Division of Pediatric Critical Care, PECARN Data Coordinating Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: In preparation for a clinical trial of therapeutic agents for children with moderate-to-severe blunt traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) in emergency departments (EDs), we conducted this feasibility study to (1) determine the number and clinical characteristics of eligible children, (2) determine the timing of patient and guardian arrival to the ED, and (3) describe the heterogeneity of TBIs on computed tomography (CT) scans. METHODS: We conducted a prospective observational study at 16 EDs of children ≤ 18 years of age presenting with blunt head trauma and Glasgow Coma Scale scores of 3-12. We documented the number of potentially eligible patients, timing of patient and guardian arrival, patient demographics and clinical characteristics, severity of injuries, and cranial CT findings. RESULTS: We enrolled 295 eligible children at the 16 sites over 6 consecutive months. Cardiac arrest and nonsurvivable injuries were the most common characteristics that would exclude patients from a future trial. Most children arrived within 2 hours of injury, but most guardians did not arrive until 2-3 hours after the injury. There was a substantial range in types of TBIs, with subdural hemorrhages being the most common. CONCLUSION: Enrolling children with moderate-to-severe TBI into time-sensitive clinical trials will require large numbers of sites and meticulous preparation and coordination and will prove challenging to obtain informed consent given the timing of patient and guardian arrival. The Federal Exception from Informed Consent for Emergency Research will be an important consideration for enrolling these children.
OBJECTIVES: In preparation for a clinical trial of therapeutic agents for children with moderate-to-severe blunt traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) in emergency departments (EDs), we conducted this feasibility study to (1) determine the number and clinical characteristics of eligible children, (2) determine the timing of patient and guardian arrival to the ED, and (3) describe the heterogeneity of TBIs on computed tomography (CT) scans. METHODS: We conducted a prospective observational study at 16 EDs of children ≤ 18 years of age presenting with blunt head trauma and Glasgow Coma Scale scores of 3-12. We documented the number of potentially eligible patients, timing of patient and guardian arrival, patient demographics and clinical characteristics, severity of injuries, and cranial CT findings. RESULTS: We enrolled 295 eligible children at the 16 sites over 6 consecutive months. Cardiac arrest and nonsurvivable injuries were the most common characteristics that would exclude patients from a future trial. Most children arrived within 2 hours of injury, but most guardians did not arrive until 2-3 hours after the injury. There was a substantial range in types of TBIs, with subdural hemorrhages being the most common. CONCLUSION: Enrolling children with moderate-to-severe TBI into time-sensitive clinical trials will require large numbers of sites and meticulous preparation and coordination and will prove challenging to obtain informed consent given the timing of patient and guardian arrival. The Federal Exception from Informed Consent for Emergency Research will be an important consideration for enrolling these children.
Authors: Daniel K Nishijima; John M VanBuren; Seth W Linakis; Hilary A Hewes; Sage R Myers; Matthew Bobinski; Nam K Tran; Simona Ghetti; P David Adelson; Ian Roberts; James F Holmes; Walton O Schalick; J Michael Dean; T Charles Casper; Nathan Kuppermann Journal: Acad Emerg Med Date: 2022-03-10 Impact factor: 5.221
Authors: Seth W Linakis; Nathan Kuppermann; Rachel M Stanley; Hilary Hewes; Sage Myers; John M VanBuren; T Charles Casper; Matthew Bobinski; Simona Ghetti; Walton O Schalick; Daniel K Nishijima Journal: Acad Emerg Med Date: 2021-08-06 Impact factor: 3.451
Authors: Daniel K Nishijima; John VanBuren; Hilary A Hewes; Sage R Myers; Rachel M Stanley; P David Adelson; Sarah E Barnhard; Matthew Bobinski; Simona Ghetti; James F Holmes; Ian Roberts; Walton O Schalick; Nam K Tran; Leah S Tzimenatos; J Michael Dean; Nathan Kuppermann Journal: Trials Date: 2018-10-30 Impact factor: 2.279
Authors: Jeremy Furyk; Kris McBain-Rigg; Bronia Renison; Kerrianne Watt; Richard Franklin; Theophilus I Emeto; Robin A Ray; Franz E Babl; Stuart Dalziel Journal: BMC Med Ethics Date: 2018-11-20 Impact factor: 2.652