[Lesions of the oral mucosa : Differential diagnostic approach from the maxillofacial surgeon's perspective].

A detailed medical history and a careful clinical examination are the basis for developing a list of possible differential diagnoses in lesions of the oral mucosa. On this basis, it can be decided whether a lesion can be observed for 14 days after removal of possible causes or the start of a trial treatment, or whether a biopsy for histological examination must be taken immediately. An excisional biopsy is performed for small and presumably benign lesions, an incisional biopsy for large and presumably malignant lesions. If an autoimmune blistering disease is suspected, a second sample for examination by immunofluorescence is taken. Depending on the results of the histological examination further treatment steps are planned or regular appointments for follow-up are arranged.