Teresa N Sparks1, Brian L Shaffer2, Jessica Page3, Aaron B Caughey2. 1. Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, and of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA. Electronic address: teresa.sparks@ucsf.edu. 2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR. 3. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Prior studies have evaluated the overall risk of stillbirth in pregnancies with fetal gastroschisis. However, the gestational age at which mortality is minimized, balancing the risk of stillbirth against neonatal mortality, remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the gestational age at which prenatal and postnatal mortality risk is minimized for fetuses with gastroschisis. STUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective cohort study of singleton pregnancies delivered between 24 0/7 and 39 6/7 weeks, using 2005 through 2006 US national linked birth and death certificate data. Among pregnancies with fetal gastroschisis, prospective risk of stillbirth and risk of infant death were determined for each gestational age week. Risk of infant death with delivery was further compared to composite fetal/infant mortality risk with expectant management for 1 additional week. RESULTS: Among 2,119,049 pregnancies, 860 cases (0.04%) of gastroschisis were identified. The overall stillbirth rate among gastroschisis cases was 4.8%, and infant death occurred in 8.3%. Prospective risk of stillbirth became more consistently elevated beginning at 35 weeks, rising to 13.9 per 1000 pregnancies (95% confidence interval, 10.8-17.1) at 39 weeks. Risk of infant death concurrently nadired in the third trimester, ranging between 62.4-66.8 per 1000 live births between 32-39 weeks. Comparing mortality with expectant management vs delivery, relative risk was significantly greater with expectant management between 37-39 weeks, reaching 1.90 (95% confidence interval, 1.73-2.08) at 39 weeks with a number needed to deliver of 17.49 (95% confidence interval, 15.34-20.32) to avoid 1 excess death. CONCLUSION: Risk of prenatal and postnatal mortality for fetuses with gastroschisis may be minimized with delivery as early as 37 weeks.
BACKGROUND: Prior studies have evaluated the overall risk of stillbirth in pregnancies with fetal gastroschisis. However, the gestational age at which mortality is minimized, balancing the risk of stillbirth against neonatal mortality, remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the gestational age at which prenatal and postnatal mortality risk is minimized for fetuses with gastroschisis. STUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective cohort study of singleton pregnancies delivered between 24 0/7 and 39 6/7 weeks, using 2005 through 2006 US national linked birth and death certificate data. Among pregnancies with fetal gastroschisis, prospective risk of stillbirth and risk of infantdeath were determined for each gestational age week. Risk of infantdeath with delivery was further compared to composite fetal/infant mortality risk with expectant management for 1 additional week. RESULTS: Among 2,119,049 pregnancies, 860 cases (0.04%) of gastroschisis were identified. The overall stillbirth rate among gastroschisis cases was 4.8%, and infantdeath occurred in 8.3%. Prospective risk of stillbirth became more consistently elevated beginning at 35 weeks, rising to 13.9 per 1000 pregnancies (95% confidence interval, 10.8-17.1) at 39 weeks. Risk of infantdeath concurrently nadired in the third trimester, ranging between 62.4-66.8 per 1000 live births between 32-39 weeks. Comparing mortality with expectant management vs delivery, relative risk was significantly greater with expectant management between 37-39 weeks, reaching 1.90 (95% confidence interval, 1.73-2.08) at 39 weeks with a number needed to deliver of 17.49 (95% confidence interval, 15.34-20.32) to avoid 1 excess death. CONCLUSION: Risk of prenatal and postnatal mortality for fetuses with gastroschisis may be minimized with delivery as early as 37 weeks.
Authors: C C M M Lap; L R Pistorius; E J H Mulder; M Aliasi; W L M Kramer; C M Bilardo; T E Cohen-Overbeek; E Pajkrt; D Tibboel; R M H Wijnen; G H A Visser; G T R Manten Journal: Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol Date: 2020-06 Impact factor: 7.299