INTRODUCTION: Despite recent attention, there are no gender specific guidelines to address the disparity in bladder cancer survival between the sexes. The focus of this review was to identify areas of clinical practice that may influence bladder cancer outcomes and to provide evidence-based recommendations to improve bladder cancer survival in women. METHOD: A systematic search of MEDLINE was conducted to identify studies related to referral, diagnosis, treatment and outcomes of patients with bladder cancer with particular reference to gender differences. RESULTS: Patients' knowledge of key signs and symptoms of bladder cancer is poor. There is evidence that there is a gender difference in referral patterns both at patient and primary care level. The presence of cystits, in particular, delays referral. Treatment and surveillance of high-risk non-muscle invasive cancers is variable and non-urothelial bladder cancer, which has higher incidence in women is more likely to be treated non-operatively than urothelial bladder cancer. CONCLUSION: We have offered recommendations to improve patient education and streamline referrals and suggested considerations for treatment of high-risk cancers to help improve survival in female bladder cancer patients.
INTRODUCTION: Despite recent attention, there are no gender specific guidelines to address the disparity in bladder cancer survival between the sexes. The focus of this review was to identify areas of clinical practice that may influence bladder cancer outcomes and to provide evidence-based recommendations to improve bladder cancer survival in women. METHOD: A systematic search of MEDLINE was conducted to identify studies related to referral, diagnosis, treatment and outcomes of patients with bladder cancer with particular reference to gender differences. RESULTS:Patients' knowledge of key signs and symptoms of bladder cancer is poor. There is evidence that there is a gender difference in referral patterns both at patient and primary care level. The presence of cystits, in particular, delays referral. Treatment and surveillance of high-risk non-muscle invasive cancers is variable and non-urothelial bladder cancer, which has higher incidence in women is more likely to be treated non-operatively than urothelial bladder cancer. CONCLUSION: We have offered recommendations to improve patient education and streamline referrals and suggested considerations for treatment of high-risk cancers to help improve survival in female bladder cancerpatients.
Authors: Francesca Sanguedolce; Luigi Cormio; Giuseppe Carrieri; Beppe Calò; Davide Russo; Andrea Menin; Antonio Luigi Pastore; Francesco Greco; Giorgio Bozzini; Antonio Galfano; Giovannalberto Pini; Angelo Porreca; Filippo Mugavero; Mario Falsaperla; Carlo Ceruti; Luca Cindolo; Alessandro Antonelli; Andrea Minervini Journal: Histol Histopathol Date: 2019-12-05 Impact factor: 2.303
Authors: Danijel Sikic; Johannes Breyer; Arndt Hartmann; Maximilian Burger; Philipp Erben; Stefan Denzinger; Markus Eckstein; Robert Stöhr; Sven Wach; Bernd Wullich; Bastian Keck; Ralph M Wirtz; Wolfgang Otto Journal: Transl Oncol Date: 2017-03-22 Impact factor: 4.243