Stephen Bawden1,2, Mary Stephenson3, Yirga Falcone1, Melanie Lingaya1, Elisabetta Ciampi4, Karl Hunter4, Frances Bligh4, Jörg Schirra5, Moira Taylor6, Peter Morris2, Ian Macdonald6, Penny Gowland2, Luca Marciani1, Guruprasad P Aithal1. 1. NIHR Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Unit, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. 2. Physics and Astronomy, Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. 3. Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore. 4. Unilever Discover, Unilever, Colworth, UK. 5. Department of Internal Medicine II, Clinical Research Unit, Ludwig-Maxmillians University, Munich, Germany. 6. School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the acute and longer-term effects of low (LGI) versus high glycaemic index (HGI) diets on hepatic fat and glycogen accumulation and related blood measures in healthy volunteers. METHODS:Eight healthy men (age 20.1 ± 0.4 years, body mass index 23.0 ± 0.9 kg/m2 ) attended a test day before and after a7-day macronutrient- and energy-matched HGI or LGI diet, followed by a minimum 4-week wash-out period, and then returned to repeat the intervention with the alternative diet. During test days, participants consumed either an HGI or an LGI test meal corresponding to their diet week, and liver fat [ 1 H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)], glycogen ( 13 C MRS) and gastric content volume (MRI) were measured. Blood samples were obtained regularly throughout the test day to assess plasma glucose and insulin levels. RESULTS:Plasma glucose and insulin peak values and area under the curve were significantly greater after the HGI test meal compared with the LGI test meal, as expected. Hepatic glycogen concentrations increased more after the HGI test meal ( P < .05) and peak levels were significantly greater after 7 days of HGI dietary intervention compared with those at the beginning of the intervention ( P < .05). Liver fat fractions increased significantly after the HGI dietary intervention compared with the LGI dietary intervention (two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance P ≤ .05). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with an LGI diet, a 1-week HGI diet increased hepatic fat and glycogen stores. This may have important clinical relevance for dietary interventions in the prevention and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
RCT Entities:
AIM: To investigate the acute and longer-term effects of low (LGI) versus high glycaemic index (HGI) diets on hepatic fat and glycogen accumulation and related blood measures in healthy volunteers. METHODS: Eight healthy men (age 20.1 ± 0.4 years, body mass index 23.0 ± 0.9 kg/m2 ) attended a test day before and after a 7-day macronutrient- and energy-matched HGI or LGI diet, followed by a minimum 4-week wash-out period, and then returned to repeat the intervention with the alternative diet. During test days, participants consumed either an HGI or an LGI test meal corresponding to their diet week, and liver fat [ 1 H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)], glycogen ( 13 C MRS) and gastric content volume (MRI) were measured. Blood samples were obtained regularly throughout the test day to assess plasma glucose and insulin levels. RESULTS: Plasma glucose and insulin peak values and area under the curve were significantly greater after the HGI test meal compared with the LGI test meal, as expected. Hepatic glycogen concentrations increased more after the HGI test meal ( P < .05) and peak levels were significantly greater after 7 days of HGI dietary intervention compared with those at the beginning of the intervention ( P < .05). Liver fat fractions increased significantly after the HGI dietary intervention compared with the LGI dietary intervention (two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance P ≤ .05). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with an LGI diet, a 1-week HGI diet increased hepatic fat and glycogen stores. This may have important clinical relevance for dietary interventions in the prevention and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Authors: Esther Winters-van Eekelen; Inge Verkouter; Harry P F Peters; Marjan Alssema; Babette G de Roos; Vera B Schrauwen-Hinderling; Kay H M Roumans; Jan W Schoones; Peter L Zock; Patrick Schrauwen; Frits R Rosendaal; Olaf M Dekkers; Renée de Mutsert Journal: Eur J Clin Nutr Date: 2020-10-22 Impact factor: 4.016
Authors: Tanja Diederichs; Christian Herder; Sarah Roßbach; Michael Roden; Stefan A Wudy; Ute Nöthlings; Ute Alexy; Anette E Buyken Journal: Nutrients Date: 2017-06-10 Impact factor: 5.717