Shuai Yang1, Feng-Tao Shi1, Peter C K Leung1, He-Feng Huang1, Jianxia Fan1. 1. International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital (S.Y., F.-T.S., H.-F.H., J.F.), School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (F.-T.S., H.-F.H.), Shanghai 200030, China; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (P.C.K.L.), Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6H 3V5.
Abstract
CONTEXT: Although thyroid dysfunction in early pregnancy may have adverse effects on pregnancy outcome and offspring, few prospective studies have evaluated these effects. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to evaluate the correlations between different thyroid hormone levels in early pregnancy and the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: The study comprised 27 513 mothers who provided early pregnancy serum samples for analyses of thyroid function. GDM was diagnosed using a 2 hours, 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, and the mothers were grouped and compared according to the results. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We focused on GDM during the index pregnancy. RESULTS: The incidence of GDM in pregnant women tended to increase with age (5.83%, 10.18%, 14.95%, and 22.40%; P < .0001). The incidence of GDM increased with increasing prepregnancy body mass index (P < .0001). Pregnant women with a family history of diabetes had a much higher incidence of GDM than those without a family history of diabetes (21.09% vs 12.92%; P < .0001). The level of free T4 (FT4) in early pregnancy in GDM women was lower than that in non GDM women (P < .0001). With increasing early pregnancy FT4, the rate of incident GDM was decreasing (P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS: Low thyroid hormone levels in early pregnancy are a risk factor for GDM incidence.
CONTEXT: Although thyroid dysfunction in early pregnancy may have adverse effects on pregnancy outcome and offspring, few prospective studies have evaluated these effects. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to evaluate the correlations between different thyroid hormone levels in early pregnancy and the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: The study comprised 27 513 mothers who provided early pregnancy serum samples for analyses of thyroid function. GDM was diagnosed using a 2 hours, 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, and the mothers were grouped and compared according to the results. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We focused on GDM during the index pregnancy. RESULTS: The incidence of GDM in pregnant women tended to increase with age (5.83%, 10.18%, 14.95%, and 22.40%; P < .0001). The incidence of GDM increased with increasing prepregnancy body mass index (P < .0001). Pregnant women with a family history of diabetes had a much higher incidence of GDM than those without a family history of diabetes (21.09% vs 12.92%; P < .0001). The level of free T4 (FT4) in early pregnancy in GDM women was lower than that in non GDM women (P < .0001). With increasing early pregnancy FT4, the rate of incident GDM was decreasing (P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS: Low thyroid hormone levels in early pregnancy are a risk factor for GDM incidence.
Authors: Shristi Rawal; Michael Y Tsai; Stefanie N Hinkle; Yeyi Zhu; Wei Bao; Yuan Lin; Pranati Panuganti; Paul S Albert; Ronald C W Ma; Cuilin Zhang Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2018-07-01 Impact factor: 5.958
Authors: C A Cabizuca; P S Rocha; J V Marques; T F L R Costa; A S N Santos; A L Schröder; C A G Mello; H D Sousa; E S G Silva; F O Braga; R C Abi-Abib; M B Gomes Journal: Diabetol Metab Syndr Date: 2018-01-03 Impact factor: 3.320
Authors: Pranati L Panuganti; Stefanie N Hinkle; Shristi Rawal; Louise G Grunnet; Yuan Lin; Aiyi Liu; Anne C B Thuesen; Sylvia H Ley; Sjurdur F Olesen; Cuilin Zhang Journal: Nutrients Date: 2018-07-21 Impact factor: 5.717