Xianxiang Xu1,2, Canghai Li2, Pan Zhou1, Tingliang Jiang2. 1. a School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University , Quanzhou , China. 2. b Institute of Chinese Meteria Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences , Beijing , China.
Abstract
CONTEXT: Hyperuricaemia is known as an abnormally increased uric acid level in the blood. Although it was observed many years ago, since uric acid excretion via the intestine pathway accounted for approximately one-third of total elimination of uric acid, the molecular mechanism of 'extra-renal excretion' was poorly understood until the finding of uric acid transporters. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to gather all information related to uric acid transporters in the intestine and present this information as a comprehensive and systematic review article. METHODS: A literature search was performed from various databases (e.g., Medline, Science Direct, Springer Link, etc.). The key terms included uric acid, transporter and intestine. The period for the search is from the 1950s to the present. The bibliographies of papers relating to the review subject were also searched for further relevant references. RESULTS: The uric acid transporters identified in the intestine are discussed in this review. The solute carrier (SLC) transporters include GLUT9, MCT9, NPT4, NPT homolog (NPT5) and OAT10. The ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters include ABCG2 (BCRP), MRP2 and MRP4. Bacterial transporter YgfU is a low-affinity and high-capacity transporter for uric acid. CONCLUSION: The present review may be helpful for further our understanding of hyperuricaemia and be of value in designing future studies on novel therapeutic pathways.
CONTEXT: Hyperuricaemia is known as an abnormally increased uric acid level in the blood. Although it was observed many years ago, since uric acid excretion via the intestine pathway accounted for approximately one-third of total elimination of uric acid, the molecular mechanism of 'extra-renal excretion' was poorly understood until the finding of uric acid transporters. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to gather all information related to uric acid transporters in the intestine and present this information as a comprehensive and systematic review article. METHODS: A literature search was performed from various databases (e.g., Medline, Science Direct, Springer Link, etc.). The key terms included uric acid, transporter and intestine. The period for the search is from the 1950s to the present. The bibliographies of papers relating to the review subject were also searched for further relevant references. RESULTS: The uric acid transporters identified in the intestine are discussed in this review. The solute carrier (SLC) transporters include GLUT9, MCT9, NPT4, NPT homolog (NPT5) and OAT10. The ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters include ABCG2 (BCRP), MRP2 and MRP4. Bacterial transporter YgfU is a low-affinity and high-capacity transporter for uric acid. CONCLUSION: The present review may be helpful for further our understanding of hyperuricaemia and be of value in designing future studies on novel therapeutic pathways.
Authors: Guanjie Chen; Daniel Shriner; Ayo P Doumatey; Jie Zhou; Amy R Bentley; Lin Lei; Adebowale Adeyemo; Charles N Rotimi Journal: Hum Mol Genet Date: 2020-02-01 Impact factor: 6.150
Authors: Eder Orlando Méndez-Salazar; Gabriela Angélica Martínez-Nava; Janitzia Vázquez-Mellado; Carlos S Casimiro-Soriguer; Joaquin Dopazo; Cankut Çubuk; Yessica Zamudio-Cuevas; Adriana Francisco-Balderas; Karina Martínez-Flores; Javier Fernández-Torres; Carlos Lozada-Pérez; Carlos Pineda; Austreberto Sánchez-González; Luis H Silveira; Ana I Burguete-García; Citlalli Orbe-Orihuela; Alfredo Lagunas-Martínez; Alonso Vazquez-Gomez; Alberto López-Reyes; Berenice Palacios-González Journal: Mol Med Date: 2021-05-24 Impact factor: 6.354