Naïm Bouazza1,2,3, Zoubir Djerada4, Claire Gozalo4, Kanetee Busiah5, Jacques Beltrand5,6, Marianne Berdugo6,7, Saik Urien8,9,10, Jean-Marc Treluyer8,9,10,11, Michel Polak5,7. 1. EA 7323, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France. naim.bouazza@cch.aphp.fr. 2. Unité de Recherche Clinique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Tarnier, 89 rue d'Assas, 75006, Paris, France. naim.bouazza@cch.aphp.fr. 3. CIC-0901 Inserm, Cochin-Necker, Paris, France. naim.bouazza@cch.aphp.fr. 4. Laboratoire de Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Hôpital Maison Blanche, Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Reims, Reims, France. 5. Endocrinologie Gynécologie Diabétologie Pédiatriques, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France. 6. Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut IMAGINE, Paris, France. 7. Inserm U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France. 8. EA 7323, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France. 9. Unité de Recherche Clinique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Tarnier, 89 rue d'Assas, 75006, Paris, France. 10. CIC-0901 Inserm, Cochin-Necker, Paris, France. 11. Service de Pharmacologie Clinique, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Glibenclamide (Gb) is used in type II diabetes mellitus but also in the last 10 years, off label, in patients with neonatal syndromic hyperglycemia carrying a mutation of Kir6.2 or SUR1. No studies have reported Gb pharmacokinetics in children. In this study, oral Gb pharmacokinetics was investigated in children in order to describe the concentration time courses, the influence of covariates, and the relationships between drug concentrations and efficacy. METHODS: Gb concentrations were measured in 18 children after the switch from subcutaneous insulin to oral tablets of Gb (crushed tablets for 33 % of patients). A total of 229 plasma Gb concentrations and 187 blood glucose measurements were available. A population model was developed with NONMEM. RESULTS: Body weight was the most significant parameter on clearance and explained a substantial part of the variability. A variant genotype of CYP2C9 (i.e., *1/*2 and *1/*3) explained also a part of the remaining variability on Gb clearance. Patients carrying these allelic variants had a clearance decreased by 45 %. A link between daily area under the curve (AUC0-24 h) and metabolic control diabetes was found. CONCLUSIONS: This study evaluates for the first time the pharmacokinetics of oral Gb in children and constitutes a first step towards dose individualization of this drug in a particularly vulnerable population.
PURPOSE:Glibenclamide (Gb) is used in type II diabetes mellitus but also in the last 10 years, off label, in patients with neonatal syndromic hyperglycemia carrying a mutation of Kir6.2 or SUR1. No studies have reported Gb pharmacokinetics in children. In this study, oral Gb pharmacokinetics was investigated in children in order to describe the concentration time courses, the influence of covariates, and the relationships between drug concentrations and efficacy. METHODS:Gb concentrations were measured in 18 children after the switch from subcutaneous insulin to oral tablets of Gb (crushed tablets for 33 % of patients). A total of 229 plasma Gb concentrations and 187 blood glucose measurements were available. A population model was developed with NONMEM. RESULTS: Body weight was the most significant parameter on clearance and explained a substantial part of the variability. A variant genotype of CYP2C9 (i.e., *1/*2 and *1/*3) explained also a part of the remaining variability on Gb clearance. Patients carrying these allelic variants had a clearance decreased by 45 %. A link between daily area under the curve (AUC0-24 h) and metabolic control diabetes was found. CONCLUSIONS: This study evaluates for the first time the pharmacokinetics of oral Gb in children and constitutes a first step towards dose individualization of this drug in a particularly vulnerable population.
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Authors: David Carmody; Flavius A Beca; Charles D Bell; Jessica L Hwang; Jazzmyne T Dickens; Nancy A Devine; Deborah J G Mackay; I Karen Temple; Lisa R Hays; Rochelle N Naylor; Louis H Philipson; Siri Atma W Greeley Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2015-06 Impact factor: 19.112