Cathy Alessi1,2, Jennifer L Martin3,4, Lavinia Fiorentino5, Constance H Fung3,4, Joseph M Dzierzewski3,4, Juan C Rodriguez Tapia4,6, Yeonsu Song3,4, Karen Josephson3, Stella Jouldjian3, Michael N Mitchell3. 1. Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California. cathy.alessi@va.gov. 2. Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California. cathy.alessi@va.gov. 3. Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California. 4. Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California. 5. Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California. 6. Department of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To test a new cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) program designed for use by nonclinicians. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Department of Veterans Affairs healthcare system. PARTICIPANTS: Community-dwelling veterans aged 60 and older who met diagnostic criteria for insomnia of 3 months duration or longer (N = 159). INTERVENTION: Nonclinician "sleep coaches" delivered a five-session manual-based CBT-I program including stimulus control, sleep restriction, sleep hygiene, and cognitive therapy (individually or in small groups), with weekly telephone behavioral sleep medicine supervision. Controls received five sessions of general sleep education. MEASUREMENTS: Primary outcomes, including self-reported (7-day sleep diary) sleep onset latency (SOL-D), wake after sleep onset (WASO-D), total wake time (TWT-D), and sleep efficiency (SE-D); Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI); and objective sleep efficiency (7-day wrist actigraphy, SE-A) were measured at baseline, at the posttreatment assessment, and at 6- and 12-month follow-up. Additional measures included the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)), and quality of life (Medical Outcomes Study 12-item Short-form Survey version 2 (SF-12v2)). RESULTS: Intervention subjects had greater improvement than controls between the baseline and posttreatment assessments, the baseline and 6-month assessments, and the baseline and 12-month assessments in SOL-D (-23.4, -15.8, and -17.3 minutes, respectively), TWT-D (-68.4, -37.0, and -30.9 minutes, respectively), SE-D (10.5%, 6.7%, and 5.4%, respectively), PSQI (-3.4, -2.4, and -2.1 in total score, respectively), and ISI (-4.5, -3.9, and -2.8 in total score, respectively) (all P < .05). There were no significant differences in SE-A, PHQ-9, or SF-12v2. CONCLUSION:Manual-based CBT-I delivered by nonclinician sleep coaches improves sleep in older adults with chronic insomnia.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVES: To test a new cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) program designed for use by nonclinicians. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Department of Veterans Affairs healthcare system. PARTICIPANTS: Community-dwelling veterans aged 60 and older who met diagnostic criteria for insomnia of 3 months duration or longer (N = 159). INTERVENTION: Nonclinician "sleep coaches" delivered a five-session manual-based CBT-I program including stimulus control, sleep restriction, sleep hygiene, and cognitive therapy (individually or in small groups), with weekly telephone behavioral sleep medicine supervision. Controls received five sessions of general sleep education. MEASUREMENTS: Primary outcomes, including self-reported (7-day sleep diary) sleep onset latency (SOL-D), wake after sleep onset (WASO-D), total wake time (TWT-D), and sleep efficiency (SE-D); Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI); and objective sleep efficiency (7-day wrist actigraphy, SE-A) were measured at baseline, at the posttreatment assessment, and at 6- and 12-month follow-up. Additional measures included the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)), and quality of life (Medical Outcomes Study 12-item Short-form Survey version 2 (SF-12v2)). RESULTS: Intervention subjects had greater improvement than controls between the baseline and posttreatment assessments, the baseline and 6-month assessments, and the baseline and 12-month assessments in SOL-D (-23.4, -15.8, and -17.3 minutes, respectively), TWT-D (-68.4, -37.0, and -30.9 minutes, respectively), SE-D (10.5%, 6.7%, and 5.4%, respectively), PSQI (-3.4, -2.4, and -2.1 in total score, respectively), and ISI (-4.5, -3.9, and -2.8 in total score, respectively) (all P < .05). There were no significant differences in SE-A, PHQ-9, or SF-12v2. CONCLUSION: Manual-based CBT-I delivered by nonclinician sleep coaches improves sleep in older adults with chronic insomnia.
Authors: Colin A Espie; Simon D Kyle; Chris Williams; Jason C Ong; Neil J Douglas; Peter Hames; June S L Brown Journal: Sleep Date: 2012-06-01 Impact factor: 5.849
Authors: Alfredo J Selim; Graeme Fincke; Xinhua S Ren; Austin Lee; William H Rogers; Donald R Miller; Katherine M Skinner; Mark Linzer; Lewis E Kazis Journal: J Ambul Care Manage Date: 2004 Jul-Sep
Authors: Cathy A Alessi; Constance H Fung; Joseph M Dzierzewski; Lavinia Fiorentino; Carl Stepnowsky; Juan C Rodriguez Tapia; Yeonsu Song; Michelle R Zeidler; Karen Josephson; Michael N Mitchell; Stella Jouldjian; Jennifer L Martin Journal: Sleep Date: 2021-04-09 Impact factor: 5.849
Authors: Jaime M Hughes; Yeonsu Song; Constance H Fung; Joseph M Dzierzewski; Michael N Mitchell; Stella Jouldjian; Karen R Josephson; Cathy A Alessi; Jennifer L Martin Journal: Clin Gerontol Date: 2017-12-28 Impact factor: 2.619
Authors: Armand M Ryden; Jennifer L Martin; Sean Matsuwaka; Constance H Fung; Joseph M Dzierzewski; Yeonsu Song; Michael N Mitchell; Lavinia Fiorentino; Karen R Josephson; Stella Jouldjian; Cathy A Alessi Journal: J Clin Sleep Med Date: 2019-04-15 Impact factor: 4.062
Authors: Constance H Fung; Jennifer L Martin; Karen Josephson; Lavinia Fiorentino; Joseph M Dzierzewski; Stella Jouldjian; Yeonsu Song; Juan Carlos Rodriguez Tapia; Michael N Mitchell; Cathy A Alessi Journal: Clin Gerontol Date: 2017-09-29 Impact factor: 2.619
Authors: Michael T Smith; Christina S McCrae; Joseph Cheung; Jennifer L Martin; Christopher G Harrod; Jonathan L Heald; Kelly A Carden Journal: J Clin Sleep Med Date: 2018-07-15 Impact factor: 4.062
Authors: Colin A Espie; Richard Emsley; Simon D Kyle; Christopher Gordon; Christopher L Drake; A Niroshan Siriwardena; John Cape; Jason C Ong; Bryony Sheaves; Russell Foster; Daniel Freeman; Joan Costa-Font; Antonia Marsden; Annemarie I Luik Journal: JAMA Psychiatry Date: 2019-01-01 Impact factor: 21.596
Authors: Jack D Edinger; J Todd Arnedt; Suzanne M Bertisch; Colleen E Carney; John J Harrington; Kenneth L Lichstein; Michael J Sateia; Wendy M Troxel; Eric S Zhou; Uzma Kazmi; Jonathan L Heald; Jennifer L Martin Journal: J Clin Sleep Med Date: 2021-02-01 Impact factor: 4.062