Irfan Khan1, Anwar Ali2, Muhammad Aleem Akhter1, Nadia Naeem1, Maqsood Ahmed Chotani3, Tuba Mustafa1, Asmat Salim4. 1. Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, 75270 Karachi, Pakistan. 2. Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, 75270 Karachi, Pakistan; Department of Physiology, University of Karachi, 75270 Karachi, Pakistan. 3. Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, 75270 Karachi, Pakistan; Center for Cardiovascular & Pulmonary Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA. 4. Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, 75270 Karachi, Pakistan. Electronic address: asmat.salim@iccs.edu.
Abstract
AIMS: The aim of this study is to determine if preconditioning of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) improves survival of transplanted stem cells in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI), and to asses if this strategy has measurable impact on cardiac function. MAIN METHODS: MSCs were preconditioned with DNP. In vitro cell adhesion assay and qRT-PCR were performed to analyze the expression of genes involved in cardiomyogenesis, cell adhesion and angiogenesis. MI was produced by occlusion of left anterior descending coronary artery. One million cells were transplanted by intramyocardial injection into the infarcted myocardium. Echocardiography was performed after two and four weeks of cellular transplantation. Hearts were harvested after four weeks and processed for histological analysis. KEY FINDINGS: DNP treated MSCs adhered to the surface more (p<0.001) as compared to the normal MSCs. Gene expression levels were significantly upregulated in case of DNP treatment. The number of viable MSCs was more (p<0.001) in animals that received DNP treated MSCs, leading to significant improvement in cardiac function. Histological analysis revealed significant reduction in scar formation (p<0.001), maintenance of left ventricular wall thickness (p<0.001), and increased angiogenesis (p<0.01). SIGNIFICANCE: The study evidenced for the first time that MSCs preconditioned with DNP improved cardiac function after transplantation. This can be attributed to improved survival, homing, adhesion, and cardiomyogenic and angiogenic differentiation of DNP treated MSCs in vivo.
AIMS: The aim of this study is to determine if preconditioning of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) improves survival of transplanted stem cells in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI), and to asses if this strategy has measurable impact on cardiac function. MAIN METHODS: MSCs were preconditioned with DNP. In vitro cell adhesion assay and qRT-PCR were performed to analyze the expression of genes involved in cardiomyogenesis, cell adhesion and angiogenesis. MI was produced by occlusion of left anterior descending coronary artery. One million cells were transplanted by intramyocardial injection into the infarcted myocardium. Echocardiography was performed after two and four weeks of cellular transplantation. Hearts were harvested after four weeks and processed for histological analysis. KEY FINDINGS:DNP treated MSCs adhered to the surface more (p<0.001) as compared to the normal MSCs. Gene expression levels were significantly upregulated in case of DNP treatment. The number of viable MSCs was more (p<0.001) in animals that received DNP treated MSCs, leading to significant improvement in cardiac function. Histological analysis revealed significant reduction in scar formation (p<0.001), maintenance of left ventricular wall thickness (p<0.001), and increased angiogenesis (p<0.01). SIGNIFICANCE: The study evidenced for the first time that MSCs preconditioned with DNP improved cardiac function after transplantation. This can be attributed to improved survival, homing, adhesion, and cardiomyogenic and angiogenic differentiation of DNP treated MSCs in vivo.
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