Curvature-electric effects in artificial and natural membranes studied using patch-clamp techniques.

Methods for applying sound pressure to membrane patches formed at the tips of patch-clamp pipettes have been developed. Artificial membrane patches were formed from diphytanoyl phosphatidylcholine using a pipette dipping technique. Natural membrane patches were excised (inside-out mode) from collagenase-treated locust muscle membrane. Curvature-electric signals were registered under both voltage clamp and current clamp conditions. The phenomenon of flexoelectricity in membranes has previously been attributed to curvature-induced polarization originating from the liquid crystalline properties of membranes. The estimated magnitude (2 x 10(-18) C) of the flexoelectric coefficient of the artificial lipid bilayers is consistent with previous findings while that of the muscle membrane was in certain cases several times larger. The present study is the first to report on flexoelectricity in a natural membrane and raises the question of the biological significance of this phenomenon.