Z G Dememew1, D Habte1, M Melese1, S D Hamusse2, G Nigussie3, N Hiruy1, B Girma1, Y Kassie4, Y K Haile4, D Jerene1, P Suarez5. 1. Management Sciences for Health, Help Ethiopia Address the Low Performance of Tuberculosis (HEAL TB) Project, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 2. Oromia Regional Health Bureau, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 3. Amhara Regional Health Bureau, Bahirdar, Ethiopia. 4. United States Agency for International Development (USAID), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 5. Management Sciences for Health, Health Programs Group, Arlington, Virginia, USA.
Abstract
SETTING: Amhara and Oromia Regions, Ethiopia. OBJECTIVE: To determine trends in case notification rates (CNRs) among new tuberculosis (TB) cases and treatment outcomes of sputum smear-positive (SS+) patients based on geographic setting, sex and age categories. METHODS: We undertook a trend analysis over a 4-year period among new TB cases reported in 10 zones using a trend test, a mean comparison t-test and one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS: The average CNR per 100 000 population was 128.9: 126.4 in Amhara and 131.4 in Oromia. The CNR in the project-supported zones declined annually by 6.5%, compared with a 14.5% decline in Tigray, the comparator region. TB notification in the intervention zones contributed 26.1% of the national TB case notification, compared to 13.3% before project intervention. The overall male-to-female ratio was 1.2, compared to 0.8 among SS+ children, with a female preponderance. Over 4 years, the cure rate increased from 75% to 88.4%, and treatment success from 89% to 93%. Default, transfer out and mortality rates declined significantly. CONCLUSION: Project-supported zones had lower rates of decline in TB case notification than the comparator region; their contribution to national case finding increased, and treatment outcomes improved significantly. High SS+ rates among girls deserve attention.
SETTING: Amhara and Oromia Regions, Ethiopia. OBJECTIVE: To determine trends in case notification rates (CNRs) among new tuberculosis (TB) cases and treatment outcomes of sputum smear-positive (SS+) patients based on geographic setting, sex and age categories. METHODS: We undertook a trend analysis over a 4-year period among new TB cases reported in 10 zones using a trend test, a mean comparison t-test and one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS: The average CNR per 100 000 population was 128.9: 126.4 in Amhara and 131.4 in Oromia. The CNR in the project-supported zones declined annually by 6.5%, compared with a 14.5% decline in Tigray, the comparator region. TB notification in the intervention zones contributed 26.1% of the national TB case notification, compared to 13.3% before project intervention. The overall male-to-female ratio was 1.2, compared to 0.8 among SS+ children, with a female preponderance. Over 4 years, the cure rate increased from 75% to 88.4%, and treatment success from 89% to 93%. Default, transfer out and mortality rates declined significantly. CONCLUSION: Project-supported zones had lower rates of decline in TB case notification than the comparator region; their contribution to national case finding increased, and treatment outcomes improved significantly. High SS+ rates among girls deserve attention.
Authors: Hawult Taye; Kassahun Alemu; Adane Mihret; James L N Wood; Ziv Shkedy; Stefan Berg; Abraham Aseffa Journal: J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis Date: 2021-03-24
Authors: Hongdan Bao; Kui Liu; Zikang Wu; Chengliang Chai; Tieniu He; Wei Wang; Fei Wang; Ying Peng; Xiaomeng Wang; Bin Chen; Jianmin Jiang Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2018-09-17 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Eric Osei; Samuel Oppong; Daniel Adanfo; Bless Ativor Doepe; Andrews Owusu; Augustine Goma Kupour; Joyce Der Journal: Glob Health Res Policy Date: 2019-12-17