Isao Saito1, Kazumasa Yamagishi2, Yoshihiro Kokubo3, Hiroshi Yatsuya4, Hiroyasu Iso5, Norie Sawada6, Manami Inoue7, Shoichiro Tsugane6. 1. Department of Community Health Systems Nursing, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan. Electronic address: saitoi@m.ehime-u.ac.jp. 2. Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan. 3. Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan. 4. Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan. 5. Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan. 6. Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan. 7. AXA Department of Health and Human Security, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: It is essential to have information on incidence rates to estimate the burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVD); however, it is not clear whether mortality measurements are eligible for incidence estimations. METHODS: We performed eight cohort studies from 1990 to 2010 in Japan, which consisted of total 94,657 residents aged 40-59years who were followed-up for a median of 18.5years. Incidence and mortality rates for coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke events were ascertained. Sex-specified incidence rates were regressed to the mortality rates, adjusting for differences in community and age group. Further, incidence-to-mortality rate ratios were estimated using the Poisson regression with random intercepts. RESULTS: CHD or stroke mortality rates were highly associated with incidence rates in communities. Incidence-to-mortality rate ratios were 2.06 (95% confidence interval, 1.56-2.73) in men and 1.41 (1.01-1.95) in women for CHD; and 3.99 (3.32-4.80) in men and 4.44 (3.73-5.29) in women for stroke. There were no significant geographical variations in the ratio among the 8 areas. CONCLUSIONS: We determined that it is possible to estimate CHD and stroke occurrences in the population from their mortality rates reported in vital statistics. Accordingly, we should pay attention to the communities in which mortality rates due to CHD or stroke reported in vital statistics are higher, and promote CVD prevention positively.
BACKGROUND: It is essential to have information on incidence rates to estimate the burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVD); however, it is not clear whether mortality measurements are eligible for incidence estimations. METHODS: We performed eight cohort studies from 1990 to 2010 in Japan, which consisted of total 94,657 residents aged 40-59years who were followed-up for a median of 18.5years. Incidence and mortality rates for coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke events were ascertained. Sex-specified incidence rates were regressed to the mortality rates, adjusting for differences in community and age group. Further, incidence-to-mortality rate ratios were estimated using the Poisson regression with random intercepts. RESULTS: CHD or stroke mortality rates were highly associated with incidence rates in communities. Incidence-to-mortality rate ratios were 2.06 (95% confidence interval, 1.56-2.73) in men and 1.41 (1.01-1.95) in women for CHD; and 3.99 (3.32-4.80) in men and 4.44 (3.73-5.29) in women for stroke. There were no significant geographical variations in the ratio among the 8 areas. CONCLUSIONS: We determined that it is possible to estimate CHD and stroke occurrences in the population from their mortality rates reported in vital statistics. Accordingly, we should pay attention to the communities in which mortality rates due to CHD or stroke reported in vital statistics are higher, and promote CVD prevention positively.