R Nicoll1, U Wiklund2, Y Zhao3, A Diederichsen4, H Mickley4, K Ovrehus5, J Zamorano6, P Gueret7, A Schmermund8, E Maffei9, F Cademartiri10, M Budoff11, M Henein12. 1. Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University and Heart Centre, Umeå, Sweden. 2. Department of Radiation Sciences, Biomedical Engineering, Umea University, Umeå, Sweden. 3. Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. 4. Department of Cardiology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark. 5. Department of Cardiology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark; Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark. 6. University Alcala, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. 7. University Hospital Henri Mondor, Creteil, Paris, France. 8. Bethanien Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany. 9. Centre de Recherche & Department of Radiology, Montréal Heart Institute/Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada. 10. Centre de Recherche & Department of Radiology, Montréal Heart Institute/Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 11. Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA. 12. Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University and Heart Centre, Umeå, Sweden. Electronic address: michael.henein@umu.se.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The influence of gender and age on risk factor prediction of coronary artery calcification (CAC) in symptomatic patients is unclear. METHODS: From the European Calcific Coronary Artery Disease (EURO-CCAD) cohort, we retrospectively investigated 6309 symptomatic patients, 62% male, from Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Spain and USA. All of them underwent risk factor assessment and CT scanning for CAC scoring. RESULTS: The prevalence of CAC among females was lower than among males in all age groups. Using multivariate logistic regression, age, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, diabetes and smoking were independently predictive of CAC presence in both genders. In addition to a progressive increase in CAC with age, the most important predictors of CAC presence were dyslipidaemia and diabetes (β = 0.64 and 0.63, respectively) in males and diabetes (β = 1.08) followed by smoking (β = 0.68) in females; these same risk factors were also important in predicting increasing CAC scores. There was no difference in the predictive ability of diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidaemia in either gender for CAC presence in patients aged <50 and 50-70 years. However, in patients aged >70, only dyslipidaemia predicted CAC presence in males and only smoking and diabetes were predictive in females. CONCLUSIONS: In symptomatic patients, there are significant differences in the ability of conventional risk factors to predict CAC presence between genders and between patients aged <70 and ≥70, indicating the important role of age in predicting CAC presence.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The influence of gender and age on risk factor prediction of coronary artery calcification (CAC) in symptomatic patients is unclear. METHODS: From the European Calcific Coronary Artery Disease (EURO-CCAD) cohort, we retrospectively investigated 6309 symptomatic patients, 62% male, from Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Spain and USA. All of them underwent risk factor assessment and CT scanning for CAC scoring. RESULTS: The prevalence of CAC among females was lower than among males in all age groups. Using multivariate logistic regression, age, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, diabetes and smoking were independently predictive of CAC presence in both genders. In addition to a progressive increase in CAC with age, the most important predictors of CAC presence were dyslipidaemia and diabetes (β = 0.64 and 0.63, respectively) in males and diabetes (β = 1.08) followed by smoking (β = 0.68) in females; these same risk factors were also important in predicting increasing CAC scores. There was no difference in the predictive ability of diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidaemia in either gender for CAC presence in patients aged <50 and 50-70 years. However, in patients aged >70, only dyslipidaemia predicted CAC presence in males and only smoking and diabetes were predictive in females. CONCLUSIONS: In symptomatic patients, there are significant differences in the ability of conventional risk factors to predict CAC presence between genders and between patients aged <70 and ≥70, indicating the important role of age in predicting CAC presence.
Authors: Weinan Dong; Will Ho Gi Cheng; Emily Tsui Yee Tse; Yuqi Mi; Carlos King Ho Wong; Eric Ho Man Tang; Esther Yee Tak Yu; Weng Yee Chin; Laura Elizabeth Bedford; Welchie Wai Kit Ko; David Vai Kiong Chao; Kathryn Choon Beng Tan; Cindy Lo Kuen Lam Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2022-05-24 Impact factor: 3.006
Authors: Rudolf A de Boer; Joseph Pierre Aboumsallem; Valentina Bracun; Douglas Leedy; Richard Cheng; Sahishnu Patel; David Rayan; Svetlana Zaharova; Jennifer Rymer; Jennifer M Kwan; Joshua Levenson; Claudio Ronco; Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan; Sherry-Ann Brown Journal: Cardiooncology Date: 2021-06-21