Hooman Kamel1, Mary J Roman2, Alex Pitcher2, Richard B Devereux2. 1. From Department of Neurology (H.K.), Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute (H.K.), and Division of Cardiology M.J.R., R.B.D.), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (A.P.). hok9010@med.cornell.edu. 2. From Department of Neurology (H.K.), Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute (H.K.), and Division of Cardiology M.J.R., R.B.D.), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (A.P.).
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Case series have described aortic dissection and rupture in pregnancy. Few population-based data exist to support an association. METHODS: We performed a cohort-crossover study using data on all emergency department visits and acute care hospitalizations at nonfederal healthcare facilities in California, Florida, and New York. We included women ≥12 years of age with labor and delivery or abortive pregnancy outcome between 2005 and 2013. Our outcome was a composite of aortic dissection or rupture. Based on the timing of reported aortic complications during pregnancy, we defined the period of risk as 6 months before delivery until 3 months after delivery. We compared each patient's likelihood of aortic complications during this period with an equivalent 270-day period exactly 1 year later. Incidence rates and incidence rate ratios were computed using conditional Poisson regression with robust standard errors. RESULTS: Among 6 566 826 pregnancies in 4 933 697 women, we identified 36 cases of aortic dissection or rupture during the pregnancy or postpartum period and 9 cases during the control period 1 year later. The rate of aortic complications was 5.5 (95% confidence interval, 4.0-7.8) per million patients during pregnancy and the postpartum period, in comparison with 1.4 (95% confidence interval, 0.7-2.9) per million during the equivalent period 1 year later. Pregnancy was associated with a significantly increased risk of aortic dissection or rupture (incidence rate ratio, 4.0; 95% confidence interval, 2.0-8.2) in comparison with the control period 1 year later. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of aortic dissection or rupture is elevated during pregnancy and the postpartum period.
BACKGROUND: Case series have described aortic dissection and rupture in pregnancy. Few population-based data exist to support an association. METHODS: We performed a cohort-crossover study using data on all emergency department visits and acute care hospitalizations at nonfederal healthcare facilities in California, Florida, and New York. We included women ≥12 years of age with labor and delivery or abortive pregnancy outcome between 2005 and 2013. Our outcome was a composite of aortic dissection or rupture. Based on the timing of reported aortic complications during pregnancy, we defined the period of risk as 6 months before delivery until 3 months after delivery. We compared each patient's likelihood of aortic complications during this period with an equivalent 270-day period exactly 1 year later. Incidence rates and incidence rate ratios were computed using conditional Poisson regression with robust standard errors. RESULTS: Among 6 566 826 pregnancies in 4 933 697 women, we identified 36 cases of aortic dissection or rupture during the pregnancy or postpartum period and 9 cases during the control period 1 year later. The rate of aortic complications was 5.5 (95% confidence interval, 4.0-7.8) per million patients during pregnancy and the postpartum period, in comparison with 1.4 (95% confidence interval, 0.7-2.9) per million during the equivalent period 1 year later. Pregnancy was associated with a significantly increased risk of aortic dissection or rupture (incidence rate ratio, 4.0; 95% confidence interval, 2.0-8.2) in comparison with the control period 1 year later. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of aortic dissection or rupture is elevated during pregnancy and the postpartum period.
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