Retrospective study of human cystic echinococcosis over the past decade in France, using a nationwide hospital medical information database.

No specific surveillance system of cystic echinococcosis infections in humans exists in France. The incidence and trends over time have not been documented since the last decade of the twentieth century. We performed the current analysis to assess human cystic echinococcosis epidemiology over a 10-year period in France (including the island of Corsica but excluding the overseas territories) using a nationwide hospital medical information database. A total number of 2629 patients were identified in this database between 2005 and 2014. The average annual incidence rate was 0.42 hospitalized cases/100,000 inhabitants. It was highest in the Island of Corsica (1.76 cases/100,000) and in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (0.85 cases/100,000). This retrospective analysis of hospital records provides a population-based estimate of cystic echinococcosis incidence and trends over a 10-year period at a national level. It indicates a significant decrease of the incidence between 2005 and 2014 at the national level and in the area that reported the highest incidence. It stresses the fact that in France, cystic echinococcosis is not re-emerging and that the incidence remains low in comparison with similar studies in other Mediterranean countries.