Anna Praidou1, Martin Harris2, Dimitrios Niakas3, Georgios Labiris4. 1. Dept. of Ophthalmology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Faculty of Social Sciences, Hellenic Open University, Patra, Greece. Electronic address: praidou2003@yahoo.co.uk. 2. Dept. of Ophthalmology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom. 3. Faculty of Social Sciences, Hellenic Open University, Patra, Greece. 4. Faculty of Social Sciences, Hellenic Open University, Patra, Greece; Dept. of Ophthalmology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The lack of physical activity, along with obesity, smoking, hypertension and hyperglycaemia are considered as risk factors for the occurrence of diseases such as diabetes. Primary objective of the study was to investigate potential correlation between physical activity and diabetic retinopathy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Three hundred and twenty patients were included in the study: 240 patients with diabetes type 2 (80 patients with mild to moderate non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, 80 patients with severe to very severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and 80 ones with proliferative diabetic retinopathy) were compared with 80 non-diabetic patients (control group). Physical activity of patients was assessed by the international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ, 2002). HbA1c and BMI were also measured in diabetic patients. Group comparisons were attempted for levels of physical activity and sedentary behavior. RESULTS: Total physical activity was decreased in patients with severe to very severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and proliferative diabetic retinopathy as compared to patients with mild to moderate non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and to the control group (p<0.05). Significant negative correlation was detected between HbA1c levels, BMI and physical activity (both p<0.05). Moreover, significant negative correlation between the severity of diabetic retinopathy and physical activity has been demonstrated (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Increased physical activity is associated with less severe levels of diabetic retinopathy, independent of the effects of HbA1c and BMI.
PURPOSE: The lack of physical activity, along with obesity, smoking, hypertension and hyperglycaemia are considered as risk factors for the occurrence of diseases such as diabetes. Primary objective of the study was to investigate potential correlation between physical activity and diabetic retinopathy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Three hundred and twenty patients were included in the study: 240 patients with diabetes type 2 (80 patients with mild to moderate non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, 80 patients with severe to very severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and 80 ones with proliferative diabetic retinopathy) were compared with 80 non-diabeticpatients (control group). Physical activity of patients was assessed by the international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ, 2002). HbA1c and BMI were also measured in diabeticpatients. Group comparisons were attempted for levels of physical activity and sedentary behavior. RESULTS: Total physical activity was decreased in patients with severe to very severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and proliferative diabetic retinopathy as compared to patients with mild to moderate non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and to the control group (p<0.05). Significant negative correlation was detected between HbA1c levels, BMI and physical activity (both p<0.05). Moreover, significant negative correlation between the severity of diabetic retinopathy and physical activity has been demonstrated (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Increased physical activity is associated with less severe levels of diabetic retinopathy, independent of the effects of HbA1c and BMI.
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