Carolyn B Howard1, Roderick McDowell2, Kidus Feleke2, Evangeline Deer2, Symone Stamps2, Easter Thames3, Vikash Singh3, Shehla Pervin3. 1. Department of Biology, College of Science Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, U.S.A. carolyn.b.howard@jsums.edu. 2. Department of Biology, College of Science Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, U.S.A. 3. Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, U.S.A.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Unresponsive to most clinical therapies, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the dominant biological cause of population-based racioethnic disparities in breast cancer mortality in the United States. We report the chemotherapeutic vulnerability of TNBC cells and stem cell-derived tumors to Vernonia amygdalina aqueous leaf extracts (VA extracts). VA extracts arrest cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in vitro and inhibit growth of implanted tumors and show chemo-preventive efficacy in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS: H(RAS) cells and MDA-MB-468 cells were subcutaneously implanted into nude mice with or without pretreatment with VA extracts before chemotherapeutic treatment with VA extracts and/or paclitaxel to evaluate their ability to inhibit tumor growth. RESULTS: The most significant reduction in tumor volume was observed in the MDA-MB-468 cell-induced tumors following VA extract pre-treatment compared to those from HRAS cell implantation. CONCLUSION: VA extracts induce apoptosis, exhibit additive effects, inhibit tumor growth and display chemo-preventive actions against TNBCs. Copyright
BACKGROUND: Unresponsive to most clinical therapies, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the dominant biological cause of population-based racioethnic disparities in breast cancer mortality in the United States. We report the chemotherapeutic vulnerability of TNBC cells and stem cell-derived tumors to Vernonia amygdalina aqueous leaf extracts (VA extracts). VA extracts arrest cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in vitro and inhibit growth of implanted tumors and show chemo-preventive efficacy in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS: H(RAS) cells and MDA-MB-468 cells were subcutaneously implanted into nude mice with or without pretreatment with VA extracts before chemotherapeutic treatment with VA extracts and/or paclitaxel to evaluate their ability to inhibit tumor growth. RESULTS: The most significant reduction in tumor volume was observed in the MDA-MB-468 cell-induced tumors following VA extract pre-treatment compared to those from HRAS cell implantation. CONCLUSION:VA extracts induce apoptosis, exhibit additive effects, inhibit tumor growth and display chemo-preventive actions against TNBCs. Copyright
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