Sulfate reduction in microorganisms-recent advances and biotechnological applications.

Sulfur, the least common of the five macroelements, plays an important role in biochemistry due to its ability to be easily reduced or oxidized, leading to a great amount of research concerning sulfur bioconversion. Interestingly, new studies concerning microbial sulfate reduction pathways in the last half decade have become increasingly sparse, indicating that most of the pathways involved have been discovered and studied. Despite this, systems biology approaches to model these pathways are often missing or not used. As the products of microbial sulfate reduction play important roles in the environment, biotechnology, and industry, modeling sulfur bioconversion remains an untapped research space for future work.