Mathilde Pascal1, Perrine de Crouy Chanel2, Vérène Wagner2, Magali Corso2, Claude Tillier3, Malek Bentayeb2, Myriam Blanchard4, Amandine Cochet5, Laurence Pascal6, Sabine Host7, Sarah Goria2, Alain Le Tertre2, Edouard Chatignoux2, Aymeric Ung2, Pascal Beaudeau2, Sylvia Medina2. 1. Santé publique France , French National Public Health Agency, Saint Maurice, France. Electronic address: m.pascal@invs.sante.fr. 2. Santé publique France , French National Public Health Agency, Saint Maurice, France. 3. Santé publique France, Cellule d'intervention en région (Cire) Bourgogne Franche-Comté, French National Public Health Agency, Dijon, France. 4. Santé publique France, Cellule d'intervention en région (Cire) Normandie, French National Public Health Agency, Rouen, France. 5. Santé publique France, Cellule d'intervention en région (Cire) Languedoc-Roussilon Midi-Pyrénées, French National Public Health Agency, Montpellier, France. 6. Santé publique France, Cellule d'intervention en région (Cire) Provence-Alpes-Côte-d'Azur, French National Public Health Agency, Marseille, France. 7. Observatoire Régional de la Santé Ile de France, Paris, France.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Worldwide, air pollution has become a main environmental cause of premature mortality. This burden is largely due to fine particles. Recent cohort studies have confirmed the health risks associated with chronic exposure to PM2.5 for European and French populations. We assessed the mortality impact of PM2.5 in continental France using these new results. METHODS: Based on a meta-analysis of French and European cohorts, we computed a shrunken estimate of PM2.5-mortality relationship for the French population (RR 1.15 [1.05:1.25] for a 10μg/m(3) increase in PM2.5). This RR was applied to PM2.5 annual concentrations estimated at a fine spatial scale, using a classical health impacts assessment method. The health benefits associated with alternative scenarios of improving air quality were computed for 36,219 French municipalities for 2007-2008. RESULTS: 9% of the total mortality in continental France is attributable to anthropogenic PM2.5. This represents >48,000 deaths per year, and 950,000years of life lost per year, more than half occurring in urban areas larger than 100,000 inhabitants. If none of the municipalities exceeded the World Health Organization guideline value for PM2.5 (10μg/m(3)), the total mortality could be decreased by 3%, corresponding to 400,000years of life saved per year. CONCLUSION: Results were consistent with previous estimates of the long-term mortality impacts of fine particles in France. These findings show that further actions to improve air quality in France would substantially improve health.
INTRODUCTION: Worldwide, air pollution has become a main environmental cause of premature mortality. This burden is largely due to fine particles. Recent cohort studies have confirmed the health risks associated with chronic exposure to PM2.5 for European and French populations. We assessed the mortality impact of PM2.5 in continental France using these new results. METHODS: Based on a meta-analysis of French and European cohorts, we computed a shrunken estimate of PM2.5-mortality relationship for the French population (RR 1.15 [1.05:1.25] for a 10μg/m(3) increase in PM2.5). This RR was applied to PM2.5 annual concentrations estimated at a fine spatial scale, using a classical health impacts assessment method. The health benefits associated with alternative scenarios of improving air quality were computed for 36,219 French municipalities for 2007-2008. RESULTS: 9% of the total mortality in continental France is attributable to anthropogenic PM2.5. This represents >48,000 deaths per year, and 950,000years of life lost per year, more than half occurring in urban areas larger than 100,000 inhabitants. If none of the municipalities exceeded the World Health Organization guideline value for PM2.5 (10μg/m(3)), the total mortality could be decreased by 3%, corresponding to 400,000years of life saved per year. CONCLUSION: Results were consistent with previous estimates of the long-term mortality impacts of fine particles in France. These findings show that further actions to improve air quality in France would substantially improve health.
Authors: Helen E Hughes; Roger Morbey; Anne Fouillet; Céline Caserio-Schönemann; Alec Dobney; Thomas C Hughes; Gillian E Smith; Alex J Elliot Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2018-04-19 Impact factor: 2.692
Authors: Shreosi Sanyal; Thierry Rochereau; Cara Nichole Maesano; Laure Com-Ruelle; Isabella Annesi-Maesano Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2018-11-08 Impact factor: 3.390