Estrogen and promoter methylation in the regulation of PLA2G7 transcription.

In the current study, cell lines including HEK293, SW480, HPASMC, HPCASMC and HAEC were cultured with 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine (DAC) and 17-β-estradiol to investigate whether PLA2G7 transcription was under the control of promoter methylation and 17-β-estradiol. Luciferase reporter gene assays were used to evaluate whether reporter gene activity was enhanced by PLA2G7 promoter fragment. Gene expression and methylation were detected using RT-PCR and pyrosequencing methods, respectively. Endogenous PLA2G7 transcription levels were found to be significantly lower in vascular related cell lines than in the other cell lines. Luciferase reporter gene assays indicated that gene activity was significantly enhanced by PLA2G7 promoter fragment. PLA2G7 transcription was found to be up-regulated with the treatment of DAC. The 17-β-estradiol was found to down-regulate PLA2G7 transcription in all the cell lines. However, 17-β-estradiol did not have significant effect on PLA2G7 methylation. Further chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed that 17-β-estradiol might regulate gene transcription by affecting the acetylated histone H3 and H4 marks on PLA2G7 promoter. Our results showed that PLA2G7 gene expression was co-regulated by 17-β-estradiol and promoter methylation. Our findings might provide molecular clues for gender disparity in the contribution of PLA2G7 to vascular related diseases such as coronary heart disease.