Yi-Ching Tung1, Su-Shin Lee2, Wen-Chan Tsai3, Gau-Tyan Lin4, Hsin-Wen Chang5, Hung-Pin Tu6. 1. Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan. 2. Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan. 3. Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan. 4. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan. 5. Center for General Education, Hsuan Chuang University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. 6. Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan; PhD Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan. Electronic address: p915013@kmu.edu.tw.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: We investigated the association between gout and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: Population-based representative insurance (outpatient and inpatient) claims data of 29,765 patients with gout and 59,530 controls without gout (1:2 case:control ratio) between 1998 and 2010 in Taiwan were identified. The association between gout and type 2 diabetes was evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards model. Moreover, the combined effects of sex and incident gout on the risk of type 2 diabetes were estimated. RESULTS: In total, 3940 patients (13.24%) with gout and 6334 controls (10.64%) developed type 2 diabetes in the follow-up period. Multivariate analyses revealed a significant association between gout and type 2 diabetes. Compared with the control group, the adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for type 2 diabetes were 1.62 (1.54-1.70) in men, 1.97 (1.81-2.14) in women, and 1.70 (1.62-1.77) overall. The multiplicative interaction was β = 0.18 and P = .0001, suggesting a positive interaction between sex and incident gout. Moreover, compared with men without gout, a significantly higher risk of type 2 diabetes was noted in women without gout (adjusted relative risk [95% confidence interval], 1.17 [1.10-1.24]), men with gout (1.11 [1.06-1.16]), and women with gout (1.47 [1.37-1.57]) (P for interaction = .0058). CONCLUSIONS: Gout is a strong and independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes, and female patients with gout are at a higher risk of type 2 diabetes than are male patients with gout.
OBJECTIVE: We investigated the association between gout and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: Population-based representative insurance (outpatient and inpatient) claims data of 29,765 patients with gout and 59,530 controls without gout (1:2 case:control ratio) between 1998 and 2010 in Taiwan were identified. The association between gout and type 2 diabetes was evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards model. Moreover, the combined effects of sex and incident gout on the risk of type 2 diabetes were estimated. RESULTS: In total, 3940 patients (13.24%) with gout and 6334 controls (10.64%) developed type 2 diabetes in the follow-up period. Multivariate analyses revealed a significant association between gout and type 2 diabetes. Compared with the control group, the adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for type 2 diabetes were 1.62 (1.54-1.70) in men, 1.97 (1.81-2.14) in women, and 1.70 (1.62-1.77) overall. The multiplicative interaction was β = 0.18 and P = .0001, suggesting a positive interaction between sex and incident gout. Moreover, compared with men without gout, a significantly higher risk of type 2 diabetes was noted in women without gout (adjusted relative risk [95% confidence interval], 1.17 [1.10-1.24]), men with gout (1.11 [1.06-1.16]), and women with gout (1.47 [1.37-1.57]) (P for interaction = .0058). CONCLUSIONS:Gout is a strong and independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes, and female patients with gout are at a higher risk of type 2 diabetes than are male patients with gout.
Authors: Anastasia Slobodnick; Michael Toprover; Jeffrey Greenberg; Daria B Crittenden; Virginia C Pike; Yingzhi Qian; Hua Zhong; Michael H Pillinger Journal: Medicine (Baltimore) Date: 2020-08-28 Impact factor: 1.817