Harriet Kamendi1, Herbert Barthlow1, David Lengel1, Marie-Eve Beaudoin2, Debra Snow1, Jerome T Mettetal3, Russell A Bialecki4. 1. Drug Safety and Metabolism, AstraZeneca-US, Waltham, MA, USA. 2. Analytical Group, Cancer Chemistry, AstraZeneca-US, Waltham, MA, USA. 3. Drug Safety and Metabolism, AstraZeneca-US, Waltham, MA, USA. jay.mettetal@astrazeneca.com. 4. Drug Safety and Metabolism, AstraZeneca-US, Waltham, MA, USA. russell.bialecki@dupont.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: While the molecular pathways of baclofen toxicity are understood, the relationships between baclofen-mediated perturbation of individual target organs and systems involved in cardiovascular regulation are not clear. Our aim was to use an integrative approach to measure multiple cardiovascular-relevant parameters [CV: mean arterial pressure (MAP), systolic BP, diastolic BP, pulse pressure, heart rate (HR); CNS: EEG; renal: chemistries and biomarkers of injury] in tandem with the pharmacokinetic properties of baclofen to better elucidate the site(s) of baclofen activity. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Han-Wistar rats were administered vehicle or ascending doses of baclofen (3, 10 and 30 mg·kg(-1) , p.o.) at 4 h intervals and baclofen-mediated changes in parameters recorded. A pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model was then built by implementing an existing mathematical model of BP in rats. KEY RESULTS: Final model fits resulted in reasonable parameter estimates and showed that the drug acts on multiple homeostatic processes. In addition, the models testing a single effect on HR, total peripheral resistance or stroke volume alone did not describe the data. A final population model was constructed describing the magnitude and direction of the changes in MAP and HR. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: The systems pharmacology model developed fits baclofen-mediated changes in MAP and HR well. The findings correlate with known mechanisms of baclofen pharmacology and suggest that similar models using limited parameter sets may be useful to predict the cardiovascular effects of other pharmacologically active substances.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: While the molecular pathways of baclofentoxicity are understood, the relationships between baclofen-mediated perturbation of individual target organs and systems involved in cardiovascular regulation are not clear. Our aim was to use an integrative approach to measure multiple cardiovascular-relevant parameters [CV: mean arterial pressure (MAP), systolic BP, diastolic BP, pulse pressure, heart rate (HR); CNS: EEG; renal: chemistries and biomarkers of injury] in tandem with the pharmacokinetic properties of baclofen to better elucidate the site(s) of baclofen activity. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Han-Wistar rats were administered vehicle or ascending doses of baclofen (3, 10 and 30 mg·kg(-1) , p.o.) at 4 h intervals and baclofen-mediated changes in parameters recorded. A pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model was then built by implementing an existing mathematical model of BP in rats. KEY RESULTS: Final model fits resulted in reasonable parameter estimates and showed that the drug acts on multiple homeostatic processes. In addition, the models testing a single effect on HR, total peripheral resistance or stroke volume alone did not describe the data. A final population model was constructed describing the magnitude and direction of the changes in MAP and HR. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: The systems pharmacology model developed fitsbaclofen-mediated changes in MAP and HR well. The findings correlate with known mechanisms of baclofen pharmacology and suggest that similar models using limited parameter sets may be useful to predict the cardiovascular effects of other pharmacologically active substances.
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