Jason Y Y Wong1, Po-Yin Chang2, Ellen B Gold3, Wesley O Johnson4, Jennifer S Lee5. 1. Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Research and Policy, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California. Electronic address: jason.wong@nih.gov. 2. Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Research and Policy, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California. 3. Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, California. 4. Department of Statistics, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California. 5. Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Research and Policy, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California; Medical Services, Veteran Affairs, Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess the longitudinal relationship of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure during midlife, and its interaction with active smoking, with the risk of late-diagnosis incident uterine fibroids during the menopausal transition. DESIGN: Thirteen-year prospective cohort study. SETTING: Not applicable. PATIENT(S): Community-based, multiracial/ethnic cohort of 2,575 women aged 42 to 52 years at baseline, undergoing the menopausal transition. INTERVENTION(S): Questionnaire and blood draws. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Discrete-time proportional odds models were used to estimate the conditional odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of incident fibroids, adjusted for menopausal status, race/ethnicity, study site, age, education, estradiol levels, sex hormone use, body mass index, timing of blood draw, age at menarche, alcohol use, and smoking status and pack-years. RESULT(S): As part of SWAN, at each near-annual study visit, ETS exposure, smoking, and fibroid occurrence were self-reported via questionnaire, and blood draws were collected. Women who were exposed to ETS (≥1 person-hour/week) had 1.28 (95% CI, 1.03, 1.60) times the adjusted odds of incident fibroids in the ensuing year compared the unexposed. The odds were elevated in never smokers (adjusted OR 1.34; 95% CI, 1.06, 1.70) and former smokers (adjusted OR 2.57; 95% CI, 1.05, 7.23). CONCLUSION(S): In midlife, ETS exposure was associated with an increased risk of late-diagnosis incident fibroids in women undergoing the menopausal transition.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the longitudinal relationship of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure during midlife, and its interaction with active smoking, with the risk of late-diagnosis incident uterine fibroids during the menopausal transition. DESIGN: Thirteen-year prospective cohort study. SETTING: Not applicable. PATIENT(S): Community-based, multiracial/ethnic cohort of 2,575 women aged 42 to 52 years at baseline, undergoing the menopausal transition. INTERVENTION(S): Questionnaire and blood draws. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Discrete-time proportional odds models were used to estimate the conditional odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of incident fibroids, adjusted for menopausal status, race/ethnicity, study site, age, education, estradiol levels, sex hormone use, body mass index, timing of blood draw, age at menarche, alcohol use, and smoking status and pack-years. RESULT(S): As part of SWAN, at each near-annual study visit, ETS exposure, smoking, and fibroid occurrence were self-reported via questionnaire, and blood draws were collected. Women who were exposed to ETS (≥1 person-hour/week) had 1.28 (95% CI, 1.03, 1.60) times the adjusted odds of incident fibroids in the ensuing year compared the unexposed. The odds were elevated in never smokers (adjusted OR 1.34; 95% CI, 1.06, 1.70) and former smokers (adjusted OR 2.57; 95% CI, 1.05, 7.23). CONCLUSION(S): In midlife, ETS exposure was associated with an increased risk of late-diagnosis incident fibroids in women undergoing the menopausal transition.
Authors: Sharon L Myers; Donna Day Baird; Andrew F Olshan; Amy H Herring; Jane C Schroeder; Leena A Nylander-French; Katherine E Hartmann Journal: J Womens Health (Larchmt) Date: 2011-11-01 Impact factor: 2.681
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