Jonathan C Hsu1, Thomas M Maddox2, Kevin F Kennedy3, David F Katz4, Lucas N Marzec4, Steven A Lubitz5, Anil K Gehi6, Mintu P Turakhia7, Gregory M Marcus8. 1. Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego. 2. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver3Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver4Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine. 3. Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri. 4. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver. 5. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. 6. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 7. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California9Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California. 8. Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
Abstract
IMPORTANCE: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are at a proportionally higher risk of stroke based on accumulation of well-defined risk factors. OBJECTIVE: To examine the extent to which prescription of an oral anticoagulant (OAC) in US cardiology practices increases as the number of stroke risk factors increases. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Cross-sectional registry study of outpatients with AF enrolled in the American College of Cardiology National Cardiovascular Data Registry's PINNACLE (Practice Innovation and Clinical Excellence) Registry between January 1, 2008, and December 30, 2012. As a measure of stroke risk, we calculated the CHADS2 score and the CHA2DS2-VASc score for all patients. Using multinomial logistic regression models adjusted for patient, physician, and practice characteristics, we examined the association between increased stroke risk score and prescription of an OAC. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcome was prescription of an OAC with warfarin sodium or a non-vitamin K antagonist OAC. RESULTS: The study cohort comprised 429 417 outpatients with AF. Their mean (SD) age was 71.3 (12.9) years, and 55.8% were male. Prescribed treatment consisted of an OAC (192 600 [44.9%]), aspirin only (111 134 [25.9%]), aspirin plus a thienopyridine (23 454 [5.5%]), or no antithrombotic therapy (102 229 [23.8%]). Each 1-point increase in risk score was associated with increased odds of OAC prescription compared with aspirin-only prescription using the CHADS2 score (adjusted odds ratio, 1.158; 95% CI, 1.144-1.172; P < .001) and the CHA2DS2-VASc score (adjusted odds ratio, 1.163; 95% CI, 1.157-1.169; P < .001). Overall, OAC prescription prevalence did not exceed 50% even in higher-risk patients with a CHADS2 score exceeding 3 or a CHA2DS2-VASc score exceeding 4. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In a large quality improvement registry of outpatients with AF, prescription of OAC therapy increased with a higher CHADS2 score and CHA2DS2-VASc score. However, a plateau of OAC prescription was observed, with less than half of high-risk patients receiving an OAC prescription.
IMPORTANCE: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are at a proportionally higher risk of stroke based on accumulation of well-defined risk factors. OBJECTIVE: To examine the extent to which prescription of an oral anticoagulant (OAC) in US cardiology practices increases as the number of stroke risk factors increases. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Cross-sectional registry study of outpatients with AF enrolled in the American College of Cardiology National Cardiovascular Data Registry's PINNACLE (Practice Innovation and Clinical Excellence) Registry between January 1, 2008, and December 30, 2012. As a measure of stroke risk, we calculated the CHADS2 score and the CHA2DS2-VASc score for all patients. Using multinomial logistic regression models adjusted for patient, physician, and practice characteristics, we examined the association between increased stroke risk score and prescription of an OAC. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcome was prescription of an OAC with warfarin sodium or a non-vitamin K antagonist OAC. RESULTS: The study cohort comprised 429 417 outpatients with AF. Their mean (SD) age was 71.3 (12.9) years, and 55.8% were male. Prescribed treatment consisted of an OAC (192 600 [44.9%]), aspirin only (111 134 [25.9%]), aspirin plus a thienopyridine (23 454 [5.5%]), or no antithrombotic therapy (102 229 [23.8%]). Each 1-point increase in risk score was associated with increased odds of OAC prescription compared with aspirin-only prescription using the CHADS2 score (adjusted odds ratio, 1.158; 95% CI, 1.144-1.172; P < .001) and the CHA2DS2-VASc score (adjusted odds ratio, 1.163; 95% CI, 1.157-1.169; P < .001). Overall, OAC prescription prevalence did not exceed 50% even in higher-risk patients with a CHADS2 score exceeding 3 or a CHA2DS2-VASc score exceeding 4. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In a large quality improvement registry of outpatients with AF, prescription of OAC therapy increased with a higher CHADS2 score and CHA2DS2-VASc score. However, a plateau of OAC prescription was observed, with less than half of high-risk patients receiving an OAC prescription.
Authors: Alexander C Perino; Jun Fan; Mariam Askari; Paul A Heidenreich; Edmund Keung; Merritt H Raitt; Jonathan P Piccini; Paul D Ziegler; Mintu P Turakhia Journal: Circulation Date: 2019-03-17 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Andrew Young Chang; Mariam Askari; Jun Fan; Paul A Heidenreich; P Michael Ho; Kenneth W Mahaffey; Aditya Jathin Ullal; Alexander Carroll Perino; Mintu P Turakhia Journal: Clin Cardiol Date: 2018-09-22 Impact factor: 2.882
Authors: Daniel J Friedman; Jonathan P Piccini; Tongrong Wang; Jiayin Zheng; S Chris Malaisrie; David R Holmes; Rakesh M Suri; Michael J Mack; Vinay Badhwar; Jeffrey P Jacobs; Jeffrey G Gaca; Shein-Chung Chow; Eric D Peterson; J Matthew Brennan Journal: JAMA Date: 2018-01-23 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: Nancy Luo; Haolin Xu; Hani Jneid; Gregg C Fonarow; Renato D Lopes; Jonathan P Piccini; Anne B Curtis; Andrea M Russo; William R Lewis; Roland A Matsouaka; Christopher B Granger; Robert J Mentz; Sana M Al-Khatib Journal: Circ Heart Fail Date: 2018-10 Impact factor: 8.790