Continuous Patterning of Copper Nanowire-Based Transparent Conducting Electrodes for Use in Flexible Electronic Applications.

Simple, low-cost and scalable patterning methods for Cu nanowire (NW)-based flexible transparent conducting electrodes (FTCEs) are essential for the widespread use of Cu NW FTCEs in numerous flexible optoelectronic devices, wearable devices, and electronic skins. In this paper, continuous patterning for Cu NW FTCEs via a combination of selective intense pulsed light (IPL) and roll-to-roll (R2R) wiping process was explored. The development of continuous R2R patterning could be achieved because there was significant difference in adhesion properties between NWs and substrates depending on whether Cu NW coated area was irradiated by IPL or not. Using a custom-built, R2R-based wiping apparatus, it was confirmed that nonirradiated NWs could be clearly removed out without any damage on irradiated NWs strongly adhered to the substrate, resulting in continuous production of low-cost Cu NW FTCE patterns. In addition, the variations in microscale pattern size by varying IPL process parameters/the mask aperture sizes were investigated, and possible factors affecting on developed pattern size were meticulously examined. Finally, the successful implementation of the patterned Cu NW FTCEs into a phosphorescent organic light-emitting diode (PhOLED) and a flexible transparent conductive heater (TCH) were demonstrated, verifying the applicability of the patterned FTCEs. It is believed that our study is the key step toward realizing the practical use of NW FTCEs in various flexible electronic devices.