Katherine Choi1, Frances S Shofer2, Angela M Mills3. 1. Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 2. Department of Emergency Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 3. Department of Emergency Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Electronic address: millsa@uphs.upenn.edu.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine whether sex was independently associated with door to ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) activation time. We hypothesized that women are more likely to experience longer delays to STEMI activation than men. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults ≥18 years who underwent STEMI activation at 3 urban emergency departments between 2010 and 2014. The Wilcoxon rank sum test and logistic regression were used to compare men and women regarding time to activation and proportion with times <15 minutes, respectively. RESULTS: Of 400 eligible patients, we excluded 61 (15%) with prehospital activations, 44 (11%) arrests, and 3 (1%) transfers. Of the remaining 292 patients, mean age was 61±13 years, 64% were men, 57% were black, and 37% arrived by ambulance. Median door to STEMI activation time was 7.0 minutes longer for women than for men (25.5 vs 18.5 minutes, P=.028). In addition, men were more likely than women to have a door to STEMI activation time <15 minutes (45% vs 28%, P=.006). After adjusting for race, hospital site, Emergency Severity Index triage level, arrival mode, and chief concern of chest pain, the odds of men having STEMI activation times <15 minutes were 1.9 times more likely than women. CONCLUSIONS: Women have longer median door to STEMI activation times than men. A significantly lower proportion of women (28% vs 45%) are treated per American Heart Association guidelines of door to STEMI activation <15 minutes when compared with men, adjusting for confounders. Further investigation may identify possible etiology of bias and potential areas for intervention.
OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine whether sex was independently associated with door to ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) activation time. We hypothesized that women are more likely to experience longer delays to STEMI activation than men. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults ≥18 years who underwent STEMI activation at 3 urban emergency departments between 2010 and 2014. The Wilcoxon rank sum test and logistic regression were used to compare men and women regarding time to activation and proportion with times <15 minutes, respectively. RESULTS: Of 400 eligible patients, we excluded 61 (15%) with prehospital activations, 44 (11%) arrests, and 3 (1%) transfers. Of the remaining 292 patients, mean age was 61±13 years, 64% were men, 57% were black, and 37% arrived by ambulance. Median door to STEMI activation time was 7.0 minutes longer for women than for men (25.5 vs 18.5 minutes, P=.028). In addition, men were more likely than women to have a door to STEMI activation time <15 minutes (45% vs 28%, P=.006). After adjusting for race, hospital site, Emergency Severity Index triage level, arrival mode, and chief concern of chest pain, the odds of men having STEMI activation times <15 minutes were 1.9 times more likely than women. CONCLUSIONS:Women have longer median door to STEMI activation times than men. A significantly lower proportion of women (28% vs 45%) are treated per American Heart Association guidelines of door to STEMI activation <15 minutes when compared with men, adjusting for confounders. Further investigation may identify possible etiology of bias and potential areas for intervention.
Authors: Maame Yaa A B Yiadom; Wu Gong; Brian W Patterson; Christopher W Baugh; Angela M Mills; Nicholas Gavin; Seth R Podolsky; Gilberto Salazar; Bryn E Mumma; Mary Tanski; Kelsea Hadley; Caitlin Azzo; Stephen C Dorner; Alexander Ulintz; Dandan Liu Journal: J Am Heart Assoc Date: 2022-05-02 Impact factor: 6.106
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