Emre Bora1, Sezen Köse2. 1. Department of Psychiatry, The Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, the University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, VIC, Australia; 6328 Sok no:38/2, Yali Mahallesi, Izmir, Turkey. 2. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Deficits in theory of mind (ToM), ability to infer mental states of others, can play a significant role in interpersonal difficulties and/or unawareness of illness observed in AN and other eating disorders including bulimia Nervosa (BN). METHOD: Current meta-analysis aimed to summarize available evidence for deficits in ToM in AN and BN and examine the effects of number of study-level variables on observed findings. In this meta-analysis, 15 studies (22 samples with eating disorders) investigating ToM performances of 677 individuals with AN or BN and 514 healthy controls were included. RESULTS: AN was associated with significant deficits in ToM (d = 0.59) which were more pronounced in the acute patients (d = 0.67). Small sized deficits in ToM were observed in BN (d = 0.34) and recovered AN (d = 0.35). Both cognitive perspective-taking (ToM-PT) (d = 0.99) and decoding mental states (ToM-decoding) (d = 0.61) aspects of ToM were impaired in acute AN. ToM-decoding impairment in BN was modest. There was no evidence for significant ToM-PT deficit in BN. Several study-level variables including longer duration of illness, lower BMI, and depressive symptoms were associated with more severe deficits in ToM in AN. DISCUSSION: ToM deficits, particularly in ToM-PT, can be a specific feature of AN but not BN. ToM impairment can contribute to poor insight, treatment resistance, and social impairment in AN.
OBJECTIVE: Deficits in theory of mind (ToM), ability to infer mental states of others, can play a significant role in interpersonal difficulties and/or unawareness of illness observed in AN and other eating disorders including bulimia Nervosa (BN). METHOD: Current meta-analysis aimed to summarize available evidence for deficits in ToM in AN and BN and examine the effects of number of study-level variables on observed findings. In this meta-analysis, 15 studies (22 samples with eating disorders) investigating ToM performances of 677 individuals with AN or BN and 514 healthy controls were included. RESULTS: AN was associated with significant deficits in ToM (d = 0.59) which were more pronounced in the acute patients (d = 0.67). Small sized deficits in ToM were observed in BN (d = 0.34) and recovered AN (d = 0.35). Both cognitive perspective-taking (ToM-PT) (d = 0.99) and decoding mental states (ToM-decoding) (d = 0.61) aspects of ToM were impaired in acute AN. ToM-decoding impairment in BN was modest. There was no evidence for significant ToM-PT deficit in BN. Several study-level variables including longer duration of illness, lower BMI, and depressive symptoms were associated with more severe deficits in ToM in AN. DISCUSSION: ToM deficits, particularly in ToM-PT, can be a specific feature of AN but not BN. ToM impairment can contribute to poor insight, treatment resistance, and social impairment in AN.
Authors: Almut Zeeck; Svenja Taubner; Thorsten C Gablonski; Inga Lau; Stephan Zipfel; Wolfgang Herzog; Beate Wild; Hans-Christoph Friederich; Gaby Resmark; Katrin Giel; Martin Teufel; Markus Burgmer; Andreas Dinkel; Stephan Herpertz; Bernd Löwe; Sefik Tagay; Jörn von Wietersheim; Martina De Zwaan; Max Zettl; Alexander F Meier; Armin Hartmann Journal: Front Psychiatry Date: 2022-05-23 Impact factor: 5.435
Authors: J Cholet; M Rousselet; Y Donnio; M Burlot; M Pere; S Lambert; B Rocher; M Chirio-Espitalier; E Eyzop; M Grall-Bronnec Journal: Eat Weight Disord Date: 2020-08-07 Impact factor: 4.652