Yiin Ling1, Bogdan Galusca2, Jorg Hager3, Leonard Feasson4, Armand Valsesia5, Jacques Epelbaum6, Virginie Alexandre7, Emma Wynn8, Cécile Dinet9, Radu Palaghiu10, Michel Peoc'h11, Yves Boirie12, Christophe Montaurier13, Bruno Estour14, Natacha Germain15. 1. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Eating disorders, CHU Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, France. Electronic address: yiin.ling@chu-st-etienne.fr. 2. Nutrition and Metabolic Health Unit, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, EPFL Innovation Park, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: bogdan.galusca@chu-st-etienne.fr. 3. Nutrition and Metabolic Health Unit, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, EPFL Innovation Park, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: Jorg.Hager@rd.nestle.com. 4. Division of Physiology and Exercise, CHU Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, France. Electronic address: leonard.feasson@chu-st-etienne.fr. 5. Nutrition and Metabolic Health Unit, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, EPFL Innovation Park, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: Armand.Valsesia@rd.nestle.com. 6. UMR 894 INSERM Psychiatry and neurosciences center, Paris Descartes University, 2 ter rue d'Alesia, 75014 Paris, France. Electronic address: jacques.epelbaum@inserm.fr. 7. Nutrition and Metabolic Health Unit, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, EPFL Innovation Park, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: Virginie.Alexandre@rd.nestle.com. 8. Nutrition and Metabolic Health Unit, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, EPFL Innovation Park, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: Wynn@rdls.nestle.com. 9. Nutrition and Metabolic Health Unit, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, EPFL Innovation Park, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: Cecile.Dinet@rdls.nestle.com. 10. Division of Digestive Surgery, CHU Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, France. Electronic address: radu.palaghiu@chu-st-etienne.fr. 11. Division of Pathology, CHU Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, France. Electronic address: michel.peoch@chu-st-etienne.fr. 12. UMR 1019, Human Nutrition Unit, INRA, Research center Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France. Electronic address: yves.boirie@clermont.inra.fr. 13. UMR 1019, Human Nutrition Unit, INRA, Research center Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France. Electronic address: Christophe.Montaurier@clermont.inra.fr. 14. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Eating disorders, CHU Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, France. Electronic address: bruno.estour@chu-st-etienne.fr. 15. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Eating disorders, CHU Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, France. Electronic address: natacha.germain@chu-st-etienne.fr.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Constitutional thinness (CT) is a natural state of underweight (13-17.5kg/m2) without the presence of any eating disorders and abnormal hormonal profile, and with preserved menses in women. We previously conducted a four-week fat overfeeding study showing weight gain resistance in CT women and one of our main results was the identification of an energy gap: a positive energy balance (higher energy intake than energy expenditure). OBJECTIVE: This new overfeeding study is designed to confirm the energy gap and propose mechanistic hypothesis. DESIGN: A 2-week overfeeding (daily consumption of one bottle of Renutryl® Booster (600kcal, 30g protein, 72g carbohydrate, 21g fat) on top of the dietary intake) is performed to compare 15 women and men in each CT group (Body Mass Index [BMI]<18.5kg/m2) to their controls (BMI 20-25kg/m2). Bodyweight, food intake, energy expenditure (canopy, calorimetric chamber and Actiheart), body composition (DXA), appetite regulatory hormone profiles after a test meal, proteomics, metabolomics, urinary metabolic profiles, stool microbiome and lipids, fat and muscle transcriptomics are monitored before and after overfeeding. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Data inter-linking will be able to be established with results of this study. The findings could possibly open to therapeutic approaches to help CT patients to gain weight as well as provide a better understanding of energy regulation with regard to treat obesity (resistance to weight loss), a mirror image of CT (resistance to weight gain).
BACKGROUND: Constitutional thinness (CT) is a natural state of underweight (13-17.5kg/m2) without the presence of any eating disorders and abnormal hormonal profile, and with preserved menses in women. We previously conducted a four-week fat overfeeding study showing weight gain resistance in CT women and one of our main results was the identification of an energy gap: a positive energy balance (higher energy intake than energy expenditure). OBJECTIVE: This new overfeeding study is designed to confirm the energy gap and propose mechanistic hypothesis. DESIGN: A 2-week overfeeding (daily consumption of one bottle of Renutryl® Booster (600kcal, 30g protein, 72g carbohydrate, 21g fat) on top of the dietary intake) is performed to compare 15 women and men in each CT group (Body Mass Index [BMI]<18.5kg/m2) to their controls (BMI 20-25kg/m2). Bodyweight, food intake, energy expenditure (canopy, calorimetric chamber and Actiheart), body composition (DXA), appetite regulatory hormone profiles after a test meal, proteomics, metabolomics, urinary metabolic profiles, stool microbiome and lipids, fat and muscle transcriptomics are monitored before and after overfeeding. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Data inter-linking will be able to be established with results of this study. The findings could possibly open to therapeutic approaches to help CT patients to gain weight as well as provide a better understanding of energy regulation with regard to treat obesity (resistance to weight loss), a mirror image of CT (resistance to weight gain).