| Literature DB >> 27418515 |
Magnús T Gudmundsson1, Kristín Jónsdóttir2, Andrew Hooper3, Eoghan P Holohan4, Sæmundur A Halldórsson5, Benedikt G Ófeigsson2, Simone Cesca6, Kristín S Vogfjörd2, Freysteinn Sigmundsson5, Thórdís Högnadóttir5, Páll Einarsson5, Olgeir Sigmarsson7, Alexander H Jarosch5, Kristján Jónasson8, Eyjólfur Magnússon5, Sigrún Hreinsdóttir9, Marco Bagnardi3, Michelle M Parks5, Vala Hjörleifsdóttir10, Finnur Pálsson5, Thomas R Walter6, Martin P J Schöpfer11, Sebastian Heimann6, Hannah I Reynolds5, Stéphanie Dumont5, Eniko Bali5, Gudmundur H Gudfinnsson5, Torsten Dahm6, Matthew J Roberts2, Martin Hensch2, Joaquín M C Belart5, Karsten Spaans3, Sigurdur Jakobsson5, Gunnar B Gudmundsson2, Hildur M Fridriksdóttir12, Vincent Drouin5, Tobias Dürig5, Guðfinna Aðalgeirsdóttir5, Morten S Riishuus5, Gro B M Pedersen5, Tayo van Boeckel5, Björn Oddsson13, Melissa A Pfeffer2, Sara Barsotti2, Baldur Bergsson2, Amy Donovan14, Mike R Burton15, Alessandro Aiuppa16.
Abstract
Large volcanic eruptions on Earth commonly occur with a collapse of the roof of a crustal magma reservoir, forming a caldera. Only a few such collapses occur per century, and the lack of detailed observations has obscured insight into the mechanical interplay between collapse and eruption. We use multiparameter geophysical and geochemical data to show that the 110-square-kilometer and 65-meter-deep collapse of Bárdarbunga caldera in 2014-2015 was initiated through withdrawal of magma, and lateral migration through a 48-kilometers-long dike, from a 12-kilometers deep reservoir. Interaction between the pressure exerted by the subsiding reservoir roof and the physical properties of the subsurface flow path explain the gradual, near-exponential decline of both collapse rate and the intensity of the 180-day-long eruption.Entities:
Year: 2016 PMID： 27418515 DOI： 10.1126/science.aaf8988
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Science ISSN： 0036-8075 Impact factor: 47.728