Electro-optical characteristics of an in-plane-switching liquid crystal cell with zero rubbing angle: dependence on the electrode structure.

When an electric field is applied to in-plane switching (IPS) and fringe-field switching (FFS) cells with zero rubbing angle, virtual walls are built such that the switching speed can be increased several-fold. In this study, we investigate the dependence on the interdigitated electrode structure of the electro-optical characteristics of IPS and FFS cells with zero rubbing angle. We found that when the rubbing angle is zero, the single-layered IPS electrode structure provides a higher transmittance than the double-layered FFS electrode structure because of the reduced width of dead zones at domain boundaries between interdigitated electrodes. Single-layered IPS electrodes not only minimize the transmittance decrease but also provide a shorter response time than double-layered FFS electrodes, although the operating voltage is higher and fabrication requires a more precise rubbing process. The transmittance decrease due to the zero rubbing angle in an IPS cell can be minimized using optimization of the electrode structure while retaining a short response time.