R Khanna1, A S Sandhu2, D Doddamani3. 1. Classified Specialist (Surgery &Urology), Command Hospital (Southern Command), Pune. 2. Senior Advisor (Surgery &Urology), Command Hospital (Southern Command), Pune. 3. Classified Specialist (Surgery &Urology), Military Hospital, Jalandhar Cantt.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: A spinal cord injury is devastating and produces profound changes in the life style of the individual and his family. It is difficult to predict bladder and sphincter behaviour on the basis of clinical somatic neurological deficits. METHODS: A prospective study of 100 spinal cord injury patients was conducted to establish a bladder management protocol. The urodynamic variables were assessed frequently. Clean Intermittent Catheterization (CIC) along with antimuscarinic drugs was instituted and response monitored. Nonresponders were offered Intradetrusor Botulinum toxin. RESULT: Spinal shock lasted for upto six months and only 8% could be converted to CIC during the acute phase. A total of 82% patients underwent three to four urodynamic studies which revealed an increase in cystometric capacity and a decrease in the maximum detrusor pressures. This lowered the incidence of incontinence episodes and prevented upper urinary tract damage. Botulinum toxin provided only temporary relief. CONCLUSION: Aggressive management of neurogenic bladder (NB) dysfunction is a crucial component of the rehabilitation programme for spinal cord injury patients. Repeated urodynamic studies are an essential aid in managing the evolving nature of the bladder dysfunction. Meticulous bladder management protocol can prevent upper urinary tract complications.
BACKGROUND: A spinal cord injury is devastating and produces profound changes in the life style of the individual and his family. It is difficult to predict bladder and sphincter behaviour on the basis of clinical somatic neurological deficits. METHODS: A prospective study of 100 spinal cord injurypatients was conducted to establish a bladder management protocol. The urodynamic variables were assessed frequently. Clean Intermittent Catheterization (CIC) along with antimuscarinic drugs was instituted and response monitored. Nonresponders were offered Intradetrusor Botulinum toxin. RESULT: Spinal shock lasted for upto six months and only 8% could be converted to CIC during the acute phase. A total of 82% patients underwent three to four urodynamic studies which revealed an increase in cystometric capacity and a decrease in the maximum detrusor pressures. This lowered the incidence of incontinence episodes and prevented upper urinary tract damage. Botulinum toxin provided only temporary relief. CONCLUSION: Aggressive management of neurogenic bladder (NB) dysfunction is a crucial component of the rehabilitation programme for spinal cord injurypatients. Repeated urodynamic studies are an essential aid in managing the evolving nature of the bladder dysfunction. Meticulous bladder management protocol can prevent upper urinary tract complications.
Authors: Werner Schäfer; Paul Abrams; Limin Liao; Anders Mattiasson; Francesco Pesce; Anders Spangberg; Arthur M Sterling; Norman R Zinner; Philip van Kerrebroeck Journal: Neurourol Urodyn Date: 2002 Impact factor: 2.696
Authors: D M Schmid; P Sauermann; M Werner; B Schuessler; N Blick; M Muentener; R T Strebel; D Perucchini; D Scheiner; G Schaer; H John; A Reitz; D Hauri; B Schurch Journal: J Urol Date: 2006-07 Impact factor: 7.450